Ranavalona .. Sarauniya mafi kisa a tarihi!

Juyin juya halin masana'antu da ilimi ya samo asali ne kawai sakamakon azaba da duhun da tsohuwar duniyar ta fuskanta.Ranavalona na daya yana cikin jerin sarakunan da suka fi zubar da jini a tarihin nahiyar Afirka.

Kamar Shaka, wanda ya jagoranci daular Zulu a Afirka ta Kudu kuma ya yi sanadin mutuwar miliyoyin mutane, an samu siffar sarauniya Ranavalona ta daya, wacce ta yi mulkin Masarautar Madagaska na tsawon shekaru 33 a tsakanin shekarun 1828 da 1861, lokacin da na karshen ya jagoranci kasar tare da yin mulki. Karfe da kuma aiwatar da manufar sabani da ta haifar da hakan, a cewar wasu majiyoyi, wajen kashe kwatankwacin rabin al'ummar Madagascar.

An haifi Ranavalona na farko a shekara ta 1788 ga dangin matalauta kusa da Antananarivo, Madagascar. A halin yanzu, wannan iyalin matalauta sun koyi gaskiyar da gaba ɗaya ta canza makomarta.

A lokacin kuruciyar Ranavalona, ​​mahaifinta ya yi nasarar ceto rayuwar sarki ta hanyar gargadinsa game da yunkurin kisan gilla da aka yi masa, albarkacin haka, sarkin ya tsira daga mutuwa, sannan ya yi tayin sakawa wannan dangin matalauta ta hanyar daukar 'yarsu Ranavalona, ​​har da ita. a gidan sarauta.

Sakamakon haka, Ranavalona ta hau kan karagar mulki, inda ta auri kanenta kuma magajin gadon sarauta, Radama I, kuma a haka ta zama daya daga cikin matansa goma sha biyu. Bayan rasuwar Radama I a shekara ta 1828 tana da shekaru 35, Ranavalona ban yi kasa a gwiwa ba na kwace mulkin Madagaska bayan da ta yi nasarar kashe dukkan dangin sarauta da suka kalubalanci ta a kan karagar mulki, wanda hakan ya haifar da ta'addanci wanda hakan ya sa ta yi nasara. ya kai shekaru talatin da uku.

A lokacin mulkinta, Ranavalona ta farko ta bi hanyar gargajiya da na farko da aka fi sani da Tangina, don tabbatar da cewa mutane ba su da laifi a lokacin gwaji. , nan take aka kashe shi.

Baya ga wadanda ake zargi da aikata laifukan, Ranavalona ta farko ta yi amfani da wannan hanya mai ban mamaki don tabbatar da cewa mutane sun kasance masu aminci kuma ba sa adawa da manufofinta, don haka wannan bakon aiki mai suna Tangina ya kashe kwatankwacin kashi 2 na al'ummar Madagascar. .

A yayin aiwatar da hukuncin kisa, Ranavalona ya bi ta hanyar amfani da muggan hanyoyi da suka sha bamban da yadda ake amfani da su a gargajiyance, kuma sun hada da yanke kafa da yanke gawar wadanda ake tuhuma da rabi da tafasasshen ruwan zafi.

A cikin shekaru 33 da ta yi tana tafiyar da harkokin Madagascar, Ranavalona ta farko ta ba da umarnin yaƙin neman zaɓe na soji a ɓangarorin ƙasar don murkushe ta, tare da yaƙi da yaduwar addinin Kiristanci da ɗaukar tsauraran matakai kan ƙungiyar Kiristocin Malagasy. A wani lokaci, Sarauniyar Madagaska ta ba da umarnin a rataye wasu Kiristoci a saman wani dutse kafin ta yanke shawarar jefa su cikin duwatsun da ke ƙasa bayan sun ƙi barin addininsu.

A lokaci guda, Sarauniya Ranavalona I ta kori yunƙurin Faransawa da yawa na tsoma baki a cikin ƙasar, sannan kuma ta himmantu wajen ƙara yawan sojojinta da inganta ababen more rayuwa na Madagascar ta hanyar bautar da wani adadi mai yawa na jama'a tare da tilasta musu yin aiki cikin mawuyacin hali kan ayyukan jama'a. . A tsakanin shekara ta 1828 zuwa 1861, kasar Madagascar ta fuskanci bala'o'i da dama, yayin da kasar ta yi fama da annoba da yunwa saboda rashin gudanar da mulki da kuma halayya, wanda ya yi sanadin mutuwar mutane da dama.

A ranar 1861 ga Agusta, 83, Ranavalona ta farko ta rasu tana da shekaru 33, bayan ta shafe shekaru 5 a kan karagar mulki, inda ta yi sanadin mutuwar miliyoyin mutane. A cewar wasu alkaluma, yawan mutanen Madagascar sun ragu da rabi a cikin shekarun 1833. An kiyasta yawan al'ummar ƙasar zuwa miliyan 2,5 a shekara ta 1839, amma ya ragu zuwa miliyan XNUMX a shekara ta XNUMX.