Ga masu sha'awar al'adun kayan ado da duwatsu masu daraja

Ga masu sha'awar al'adun kayan ado da duwatsu masu daraja

Amfanin duwatsu masu daraja daki-daki -
1- Ma'anar dutse mai daraja:
Ana kiran dutse mai daraja idan aka siffanta shi da kyawunsa da taurinsa, ban da launinsa, rarrashinsa, siffarsa ta ƙarshe, gogewa, da kyalli.
Har ila yau nauyi yana da mahimmanci, yayin da yake ƙayyade girman dutse, amma ba duk duwatsu suna da tsada ba.

Organic duwatsu:
Duwatsu ne da halittu masu rai suke samar da su kamar tsirrai da dabbobi, kamar:
1- Nacre yana samar da lu'ulu'u.
2. Tsarin ƙananan dabbobin ruwa suna samar da murjani.
3- Bishiyoyin da aka samu burbushin halittu suna samar da amber.
4- Bishiyoyin da aka yi da burbushin halittu suna samar da jet.
5- Hakora da hakora na wasu dabbobi masu shayarwa suna yin hauren giwa.

3- Duwatsun wucin gadi:

Hukumar ciniki ta Tarayyar Amurka ta yi amfani da kalmar dutsen roba a karon farko don ayyana duwatsu masu daraja waɗanda ke kwaikwayi duwatsun halitta ta fuskar sinadarai, na zahiri da na gani.
Ana iya bambanta duwatsun wucin gadi ta hanyar bincika su a ƙarƙashin na'urar hangen nesa, saboda sun cika kuma ba su ƙunshi wani ƙazanta ko ƙazanta kamar waɗanda aka samu a cikin duwatsun halitta ba.

4- duwatsu masu zafi da kumburi

Wasu duwatsu suna kirƙira a cikin magma ko a cikin kumfa gas a cikin tsaunuka, kamar zircon, topaz, da ja sapphire.
5- Duwatsun ma'adinai:
Ana bambanta duwatsun ma'adinai ta hanyar abubuwan da aka gyara su, misali:
1- Quartz yana dauke da siliki.
2- Sapphires da emeralds suna dauke da oxide, chromium, da nickel.
3- Lu'u-lu'u na dauke da sinadarin calcium carbonate.

6- Duwatsu masu kaushi:
Duwatsu ne masu wuta da wuta, idan aka sanyaya, ruwan yana mu'amala da abinda ke cikinsa kuma ana samun lu'ulu'u irin su beryl.
7- Metamorphic duwatsu:
Su ne duwatsu na volcanic ko sedimentary asalin da aka canza ta matsa lamba, zafi, da kuma hulda don samar da jadeite, alabaster, da ruby.
8- Duwatsu masu ɗumi:
Duwatsun da ake samu sun samu ne sakamakon hadewa da daskarewar wasu sinadarai na dutse da ragowar kayan da ake amfani da su da dai sauransu.Misali:
Sandstone da ma'adanai masu arzikin silicate sun zama amethyst (quartz) da agate.
9- Duwatsu masu kaushi:
Duwatsu masu banƙyama ana yin su ne daga magma mai aman wuta da ake fitarwa daga dutsen mai aman wuta ko ƙaƙƙarfan narkakken dutsen.
Yakan ƙunshi lu'ulu'u na polymorphic.
-:: Tsarin Crystal::-

1- Menene crystal:
crystal wani abu ne mai ƙarfi wanda ya ƙunshi tsarin ciki na atom, kuma wannan tsari yana ba wa crystal bayaninsa.
2- Siffofin lu'ulu'u:
Crystals suna da siffofi da yawa, misali:
1-Monoclinic kamar gypsum
2- triclinic kamar sapphire
3- Quadrangular ko haƙarƙari irin su vesophontaite.
4- Hexagonal kamar aquamarine.
5- Kube kamar lu'u-lu'u da azurfa.
6- Idanuna sun mike kamar lu'ulu'u.
7- isometric kamar garnet.
8- Bana kama da hauren giwa da ambar.

-::Yanke Duwatsuwa::-

1- Ma'anar yanke duwatsu masu daraja:
Yana da tsari na siffata da goge duwatsu masu daraja don haɓaka kyan su da kuma kawar da ƙazanta a wasu lokuta.
2- Tsarin yankan dutse:
Ana siffata duwatsu masu daraja ta hanyar ɗora su da dabaran niƙa ko dabaran niƙa (niƙa: niƙa ko gogewa).
Don duwatsu masu santsi, ana amfani da ƙafafun sandstone don gogewa da siffar su.
Amma ga mafi tsananin duwatsu, ana amfani da ƙafafun honing na wucin gadi da aka yi da carburized carbondium
(carbon silicon).
3- Siffofin yankan duwatsu masu daraja:
1-Yanke da siffar maɓalli (cabochon)
2- Yanke Diamond.
3- Emerald yanke.
4- yanke madaidaiciya.
5-Yanke lebur.
6- Yanke ado
7- Gauraye ko kafa.

-::Gemstone Siffofin::-

1- Muhimmancin siffofi:
Kowane dutse yana da tsari daban-daban, don haka dole ne a yanke shi ta hanyar da za ta nuna kyawunsa, launinsa da kyalkyalinsa.
2-Mahimman siffofin duwatsu:
1- zobe.
2- Oval.
3- Mataki.
4- Dandalin.
5- Mai tantancewa.
6- Rectangle.
7- matashin kai.
8- Gauraye.
9- Mai ratayewa.
10- Nafila.
11- Almakashi.

-:: Duwatsu masu Hakika::-

1- Menene luster?
Yana da cikakken bayyanar dutse kamar yadda aka gani a sakamakon haske mai haske, wanda ke da alaƙa da matakin gogewar dutsen.
2- Kayayyakin gani:
Matsayin refraction na haske da ƙarfin launi na dutse da tasirin su akan
Matsayin launi na prismatic da aka bayyana na dutse, ban da gaskiyar wasu duwatsu da kuma ikon su na nuna launuka daban-daban guda biyu idan aka duba su daga bangarori daban-daban.
4- Menene mahimmin kusurwa?
Ita ce kusurwar da jimillar tunanin ciki na dutse ke faruwa.
Hasken ya ratsa ta cikin dutsen, don haka idan hasken ya ratsa ta cikin dutsen, to idan ya wuce cikin madaidaicin kusurwa (wanda aka auna shi dangane da kusurwar dama da ke tsaka da saman) to zai wuce ta cikin dutsen. Idan ya wuce waje da kusurwa mai mahimmanci, zai yi tunani a ciki.

5- Kayan aikin auna dutse:

1_ Refractometer:
Yana auna sifofin dutse ko ikonsa na iya karya haske.
2_Polameter:
Yana yin ƙalubale idan dutsen yana da ninki biyu ko kuma mono refractive.
Misali: Duwatsun roba suna siffanta su ta hanyar refraction biyu, yayin da lu'u-lu'u na halitta mono-refractory.
3_ Makiriscope:
Ana amfani da shi tare da fitilar filin duhu na musamman don sanin ko dutsen na wucin gadi ne ko na halitta.
4_Hanyoyi da yawa don auna nauyi:
Kuna auna adadin jan hankalin dutse da nauyi.
Misali: idan dutse ya yi yawo a cikin ruwa, kuma takamaiman nauyinsa ya zama 4, kuma ya nutse a cikin ruwa, kuma takamaiman nauyinsa ya kai 3, to dole ne takamaiman nauyin dutsen ya kasance tsakanin wadannan matsanai guda biyu, watau 5 da 3 kusan. .
5_ spectroscope:
Ana auna dichroism don tantance halayen bakan sha.
6- Nau'in sheki:
1_Kyakkyawa kamar madubi.
2_ Duniya ko shude kamar Marshmallow (hydrated magnesium silicate).
3_ Luster luster kamar lu'u-lu'u.
4_Virce kamar sapphire.
5_ Karfe kamar azurfa.
6_Hariri kamar gypsum ne.
7_Kamar turquoise.
8_ mai kamar Jadeite.
9_Sruce kamar amber.

-::Auna taurin duwatsu masu daraja::-

1- Ma’anar Taurin:
Yana da mahimmanci a auna taurin dutsen gemstone kuma a tabbata yana da juriya kafin siyan sa.
Ana rarraba duwatsu gwargwadon taurinsu da ƙarfinsu yayin yankewa da amfani.
2- Ma'anar ma'aunin ayaba:
Ma'auni ne da aka sanyawa sunan wanda ya kirkiro shi, masanin kimiyyar ma'adinai dan kasar Jamus Frederick Mohs, yana rarraba ma'adinan gwargwadon taurinsu da karfinsu daga 1 zuwa 10. Ka'idarsa ita ce, kowane dutse da ke kan sikelin ya tozarta dutsen da ke gabansa, amma ba ya kakkabo wanda ke bayansa. shi, da sauransu.
3- Mizanin Ayaba:
1_ taci.
2_ Gypsum.
3_Kalkiya.
4_Fluorite.
5_Apati.
6_Kwafi
7_kwata.
8_ Topaz.
9 _Ci gaba.
10 _ lu'u-lu'u.

Hasashen horoscope na Maguy Farah na shekarar 2023