Menene tasirin maganin corona yake nufi?

Tasirin rigakafin COVID-19 daga Pfizer shine 95%, Moderna shine 94%, kuma Johnson & Johnson shine 66%, amma menene ainihin adadin waɗannan adadin ke nufi?

A cewar LiveScience, ba tambayar ilimi ba ce kawai, yadda ake fahimtar ta ba kwararru Wadannan lambobi suna matukar tasiri ga ra'ayoyinsu da yanke shawara game da karbar maganin, da kuma iyakar himmarsu na daukar matakan kariya bayan allurar, kuma tasirin wannan fahimtar yana bayyana ta hanyar karfafa hanyoyin hana yaduwar cutar a cikin babban sikeli.

Da take magana kan allurar Pfizer, Farfesa Brian Parker, masanin ilimin halittu a Jami’ar Drew da ke New Jersey, ta bayyana imaninta cewa “yana da mahimmanci a fahimci cewa rigakafi ne mai matukar tasiri. Kuma cewa tasirin sa ya fi yadda wasu za su yi tunani, ” lura da cewa imanin cewa tasirin 95% yana nufin cewa yayin gwajin asibiti da Pfizer ya gudanar, 5% na waɗanda suka karɓi maganin sun kamu da cutar ta Covid-19, gama gari rashin fahimta.

Ma'anar madaidaicin ita ce ainihin adadin mutanen da, a cikin gwajin Pfizer ko Moderna, suka kamu da COVID-19 shine 0.04%, wanda ya kusan sau ɗari ƙasa da waccan kuskuren. Abin da a zahiri 95% ke nufi shi ne cewa mutanen da aka yi wa alurar riga kafi suna da ƙarancin 95% na yin kwangilar COVID-19 fiye da rukunin kulawa, ma'ana mutanen da ba a yi musu allurar a gwaji na asibiti ba. A wasu kalmomi, sakamakon gwaje-gwajen asibiti na maganin Pfizer ya nuna cewa wadanda suka karbi maganin sun kasance sau 20 na yiwuwar kamuwa da kamuwa da cuta fiye da ƙungiyar kulawa.

Yadda ake haɓaka tasirin rigakafin Corona

Ya fi maganin kyanda da mura

Farfesa Parker ya kara da cewa wannan bayanin ya nuna cewa allurar, bisa ga sakamakon gwaje-gwajen asibiti, "daya ne daga cikin mafi inganci alluran rigakafi." Don kwatanta, allurar rigakafin MMR na kashi biyu yana da 97% tasiri akan cutar kyanda kuma 88% yana da tasiri akan mumps, bisa ga bayanan CDC. Har ila yau, maganin mura na zamani yana da tasiri tsakanin kashi 40 zuwa 60 cikin 7.5 (tasirin ya bambanta daga shekara zuwa shekara, dangane da rigakafin wannan shekara da nau'in mura), amma har yanzu yana hana, misali, kimanin miliyan 2019 na mura a Amurka. Amurka yayin lokacin mura na 2020-XNUMX, a cewar CDC.

Don haka, idan inganci yana nufin rage shari'o'in COVID-19 da ƙaramin kaso, yana da kyau a lura da ma'anar abin da za a iya la'akari da shi a matsayin "sha'ar COVID-19, kamar yadda Pfizer da Moderna suka ayyana shi a matsayin shari'ar da za ta iya nunawa aƙalla. Alama ɗaya.” (Komai laushi) ingantaccen sakamakon gwajin PCR. Johnson & Johnson sun ayyana 'harka' a matsayin sakamako mai kyau na PCR, da aƙalla matsakaicin alama guda ɗaya (kamar gajeriyar numfashi, ƙarancin iskar oxygen na jini, ko ƙarancin numfashi) ko ƙananan alamu guda biyu. Kasa (misali, zazzabi, tari). , gajiya, ciwon kai, tashin zuciya).

Matsalar kwatanta

Mutumin da ke da ƙaramin shari'a na COVID-19, bisa ga wannan ma'anar, zai iya ɗan shafa shi ko ya zauna a gado kuma ya yi rashin lafiya na 'yan makonni.

A nan wata matsala ta taso wajen kwatanta tasirin alluran rigakafi da juna, kamar yadda Farfesa Parker ya bayyana cewa, yana da wahala a kwatanta tasirin kai tsaye tsakanin allurar Pfizer, Moderna da Johnson & Johnson, don suna kadan, saboda an yi gwajin asibiti a wurare daban-daban. yankunan da ke da ƙungiyoyin jama'a daban-daban, kuma a cikin ɗan lokaci daban-daban a cikin lokacin bala'in kuma yana nufin cewa akwai maye gurbi daban-daban a lokacin kowace gwaji.

Farfesa Parker ya kara da cewa, "Akwai mutane da yawa da suka kamu da cutar B117 [maye gurbi da ke yawo a Burtaniya] ko wasu nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan maye da maye gurbin yayin gwajin Johnson & Johnson fiye da lokacin gwajin Moderna."

Kariyar alamar

Kuma babu ɗayan gwajin rigakafin guda uku da ya taɓa gwada marasa lafiya na COVID-19 asymptomatic. Farfesa Parker ya ce: "Dukkanin alkalumman inganci sun nuna kariya daga bayyanar cututtuka, ba kariya daga kamuwa da cuta ba." (Wasu bincike na farko sun nuna cewa allurar rigakafin Pfizer da Moderna suma suna rage adadin kwayoyin cutar kwayar cuta a jikin mutum, da ake kira kwayar cutar, da kuma yiyuwar a taba yin gwajin inganci, ta hanyar rage yaduwar cutar.) Amma har yanzu akwai bukatar tabbatar da daidaiton kamuwa da cutar. Wadannan binciken da sakamakon.A cewar Farfesa Parker, wadanda aka yi wa allurar ba za su iya barin sanya abin rufe fuska ba tare da bin sauran matakan kariya.

Amma duk gwaje-gwajen guda uku kuma sun yi amfani da ma'anar na biyu na 'lalolin kamuwa da cuta', wanda ke da yuwuwar mafi mahimmanci, saboda mafi mahimmancin ma'auni shine inganci da kariya daga mafi munin rikice-rikice na COVID-19. Don haka, kamfanonin uku kuma sun ba da alamar aikin allurar rigakafin su a kan lokuta masu tsanani, ma'ana mai tsanani zuciya ko yanayin numfashi da abin ya shafa da/ko buƙatar ƙarin iskar oxygen, shigar ICU, gazawar numfashi ko mutuwa.

Kariyar mutuwa 100%.

Dukkan alluran rigakafin guda uku sun yi tasiri 100% wajen rigakafin cututtuka masu tsanani makonni shida bayan kashi na farko (Moderna) ko makonni bakwai bayan alluran farko (na Pfizer da Johnson & Johnson, tunda na karshen yana dauke da kashi daya kacal). don shigar da shi asibiti, kuma ba a yi rikodin mace-mace ba saboda COVID-19, bayan allurar rigakafin ta yi tasiri sosai. Farfesa Parker ya kammala da cewa "Mun yi sa'a sosai kan yadda wadannan alluran rigakafin ke da tasiri."