A ƙarshe.. Antibodies against omicron and corona mutant

Wata ƙungiyar kimiyya ta ƙasa da ƙasa ta gano ƙwayoyin rigakafi waɗanda ke kawar da nau'in Omicron da sauran bambance-bambancen coronavirus da ke fitowa; Waɗannan ƙwayoyin rigakafi suna hari wuraren furotin na karu (karu) waɗanda suke da gaske ba su canzawa yayin da ƙwayoyin cuta ke canzawa.
Ta hanyar gano maƙasudin waɗannan ƙwayoyin rigakafi na “tsalle-tsalle” akan furotin mai karu, yana iya yiwuwa a ƙirƙira alluran rigakafi da magungunan rigakafin da za su yi tasiri; Ba wai kawai a kan bambance-bambancen omicron ba har ma da wasu bambance-bambancen da za su iya bayyana a nan gaba, in ji David Weissler, wani mai bincike a Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Howard Hughes kuma mataimakin farfesa a fannin ilimin halittu a Jami'ar Washington School of Medicine a Seattle.

Kuma wannan binciken ya gaya mana cewa "ta hanyar mai da hankali kan ƙwayoyin rigakafin da ke kaiwa ga waɗannan wuraren da aka kiyaye sosai kan furotin, akwai hanyar shawo kan ci gaba da juyin halittar kwayar cutar," in ji Wessler, a cikin wani rahoto da aka buga a gidan yanar gizon Jami'ar Washington.
Wessler ya jagoranci aikin binciken da ya gano wadannan kwayoyin cutar, tare da hadin gwiwar gungun masu bincike daga kasar Switzerland, kuma sun buga sakamakon aikinsu a cikin sabon fitowar mujallar Nature.
Alkaluma na "Reuters" ya nuna cewa sama da mutane miliyan 283.23 ne suka kamu da kwayar cutar corona da ta bulla a duk duniya, yayin da adadin wadanda suka mutu sakamakon kwayar cutar ya kai miliyan 5 da 716,761.
An sami rahoton kamuwa da cutar a cikin kasashe da yankuna sama da 210 tun bayan da aka gano cutar ta farko a kasar Sin a watan Disambar 2019.
Mutant na omicron ya ƙunshi maye gurbi guda 37 a cikin furotin na spines waɗanda ƙwayoyin cuta ke amfani da su don haɗawa da mamaye ƙwayoyin jikin ɗan adam, adadin da ba a saba gani ba.
"Babban tambayoyin da muke ƙoƙarin amsawa sune, 'Ta yaya wannan rukunin maye gurbi a cikin furotin na omicron ya shafi ikonsa na ɗaure ga sel da kuma guje wa martanin rigakafi na rigakafi?'" in ji Fissler.
Wessler da abokan aikinsa sun yi hasashen cewa yawan maye gurbi na omicron na iya taru a lokacin kamuwa da cuta na dogon lokaci, a cikin mutumin da ke da raunin tsarin garkuwar jiki, ko kuma saboda kwayar cutar ta yi tsalle daga mutane zuwa nau'in dabba kuma ta sake dawowa.
Don tantance tasirin waɗannan maye gurbi, masu binciken sun ƙirƙira wata ƙwayar cuta da ake kira "pseudovirus" don samar da sunadaran sunadaran a samanta, kamar yadda coronaviruses ke yi, sannan suka ƙirƙiri pseudoviruses mai ɗauke da sunadaran spiky tare da maye gurbin omicron da waɗanda ke cikin bambance-bambancen farko da aka gano a cikin annoba. .
Masu binciken sun fara duba yadda nau'ikan furotin daban-daban ke iya ɗaure su da furotin a saman sel waɗanda ƙwayoyin cuta ke amfani da su don haɗawa da shiga cikin tantanin halitta ana kiran wannan furotin angiotensin-converting enzyme receptor (ACE2). .

Masu binciken sun gano cewa sunadaran mai spiky daga omicron ya iya daure sau 2.4 fiye da furotin da aka samu a cikin kwayar cutar da aka ware a farkon cutar, kuma sun gano cewa nau'in omicron ya iya ɗaure ga mai karɓar "ACE2". a cikin beraye da inganci, yana nuni da cewa omicron na iya iya wucewa tsakanin mutane da sauran dabbobi masu shayarwa.
Daga nan ne masu binciken suka duba yadda kwayoyin rigakafin da aka samar daga nau’in kwayar cutar da suka gabata suna da kariya daga bambance-bambancen omicron, kuma sun yi hakan ne ta hanyar amfani da kwayoyin kariya daga majinyata wadanda a baya suna da nau’in kwayar cutar, an yi musu allurar rigakafin nau’in kwayar cutar a baya, ko kuma. sun kamu sannan aka yi musu allurar.. Sun gano cewa maganin rigakafi daga mutanen da suka kamu da nau'ikan nau'ikan da suka kamu da cutar a baya, da kuma wadanda suka karbi daya daga cikin alluran rigakafi guda shida da aka fi amfani da su a halin yanzu, sun rage karfin rigakafin kamuwa da cuta.
Kwayoyin rigakafi daga mutanen da suka kamu da cutar, suka warke, sannan suka sami allurai biyu na rigakafin suma sun rage ayyukansu; Amma raguwa ya ragu, kusan sau 5, wanda ke nuna a fili cewa maganin alurar riga kafi bayan kamuwa da cuta yana da amfani.

A cikin rukunin marasa lafiya na dialysis waɗanda suka karɓi ƙaramar ƙarawa, ƙwayoyin rigakafi na batutuwa sun nuna raguwar ninki 4 a ayyukan tsaka tsaki. "Wannan yana nuna cewa kashi na uku yana taimakawa sosai akan Omicron," in ji Weissler.
Masu binciken sun gano cewa banda daya daga cikin magungunan rigakafin da aka yarda a halin yanzu, ko kuma an amince da su don amfani da marasa lafiya da suka kamu da kwayar cutar, ba su da wani aiki, ko rage yawan ayyukan Omicron a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje, ban da shi ne rigakafin da ake kira “sotrovimab” , wanda shine Yana da sau 3 zuwa XNUMX aikin neutralizing.
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Amma lokacin da suka gwada babban rukuni na rigakafin da aka kirkira akan nau'ikan kwayar cutar da suka gabata, masu binciken sun gano nau'ikan rigakafi guda 4 waɗanda ke da ikon kawar da omicron, kuma membobin kowane ɗayan waɗannan azuzuwan suna hari ɗaya daga cikin takamaiman yankuna 4 na furotin ƙaya. An samo ba kawai a cikin Bambance-bambancen kwayar cutar "Corona" da ke fitowa ba, har ma a cikin rukunin coronaviruses masu alaƙa, da ake kira ƙwayoyin cuta "Sarbic", kuma waɗannan rukunin yanar gizon na iya dagewa akan furotin; Domin suna yin wani muhimmin aiki wanda furotin ke rasa idan ya canza, ana kiran waɗannan yankuna "an kiyaye su."
Binciken da aka gano cewa ƙwayoyin rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta suna iya kawar da su, ta hanyar sanin wuraren da aka karewa a cikin nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta daban-daban, yana nuna cewa ƙirar alluran rigakafi da magungunan rigakafin da ke kaiwa ga waɗannan yankuna na iya yin tasiri a kan nau'ikan bambance-bambancen da ke bayyana ta hanyar maye gurbi.