ʻO wai ka poʻe huakaʻi Arab kaulana loa i ka mōʻaukala?

ʻO wai ka poʻe huakaʻi Arab kaulana loa i ka mōʻaukala? ʻO ka poʻe ʻArabia, ka poʻe i kaulana no ka poʻe ʻaupaʻa a me ka poʻe ʻimi, a ua hoʻomaʻamaʻa kekahi o lākou i ka huakaʻi e ʻike i nā honua o kēia honua, i ʻike ʻole ʻia ma mua o ka hiki ʻana mai o nā satelite a me nā huakaʻi ʻimi.

ʻO wai ka poʻe huakaʻi Arab kaulana loa i ka mōʻaukala?

Ibn battouta

ʻO Ibn Battuta paha ka mea huakaʻi Arab kaulana loa i nā manawa a pau. Ua hoʻomaka ʻo Ibn Battuta i kāna mau huakaʻi he nui me ka huakaʻi hele i Meka i ka makahiki 1325, ʻo ia hoʻi, ma mua o kona piha ʻana i ka 22 makahiki. A laila kaʻahele ʻo ia a puni ka honua ma mua o kona hoʻi ʻana a make i kona ʻāina ma kahi o 1368-69. Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Abu Abdullah Muhammad Ibn Battuta ma Tangiers, Morocco i ka makahiki 1304, a he kanaka kālaihonua, luna kānāwai, botanist, a ʻo ka mea nui loa, he huakaʻi. Ma ke noi a ke Sultan Abu Enan Faris bin Ali, ua kauoha ʻo Ibn Battuta i kāna huakaʻi i kahi kākau ʻōlelo ma ke alo o ke Sultan i kapa ʻia ʻo Ibn al-Jawzi, a ʻo ia ka mea i mālama i ka huakaʻi o Ibn Battuta i nā makahiki. Ua hele aku ʻo Ibn Battuta i nā ala he nui i kāna huakaʻi, e hana ma ke ʻano he luna kānāwai i kekahi lā a lilo i mea mahuka mai ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i kekahi lā ʻē aʻe, me ka ʻole o nā mea ʻino o ke ao nei, ʻo kona ʻaʻahu wale nō, a me kēia mau piʻi a me nā haʻahaʻa. ʻAʻole naʻe i nalowale kona makemake i ka huakaʻi a me ka ʻike. ʻAʻole ʻo ia i hoʻomaha mālie i ka wā e kūpaʻa ai kona kūlana a ʻaʻole i nalowale ke aloha o ka huakaʻi i ka wā i huli ai ka honua i loko ona, inā hiki iā mākou ke aʻo mai i ka huakaʻi a Ibn Battuta, ʻaʻole ia e nalowale i ko mākou makemake maoli.

Ibn Majid

Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Shihab al-Din Ahmad bin Majid al-Najdi i loko o kahi ʻohana luina i nā makahiki 1430 mua i loko o kahi kūlanakauhale liʻiliʻi i kēia manawa o ka United Arab Emirates, ʻoiai ʻo ia ka manawa no Oman. Ua aʻo ʻo ia mai kona wā liʻiliʻi i ke ʻano o ka holo ʻana ma waho aʻe o ke aʻo ʻana i ka Qurʻan, a ʻo kēia hoʻonaʻauao ma hope i hoʻololi i kona ola ma ke ʻano he luina a me ka mea kākau. ʻO Ibn Majid he mea hoʻokele, mea paʻi kiʻi kiʻi, mea mākaʻikaʻi, mea kākau a me ka haku mele. Ua kākau ʻo ia i nā puke he nui e pili ana i ka hoʻokele moku a me ka holo ʻana, a me nā mele he nui, ua kapa ʻia ʻo Ibn Majid ʻo ka Lion of the Seas, a ua manaʻo ka poʻe he nui ʻo ia ka mea nāna i kōkua iā Vasco de Gama e ʻimi i kona ala mai ke kapakai Hikina a hiki i India ma ʻO ka Cape of Good Hope, a manaʻo kekahi ʻo ia ka Sinbad maoli nāna i kūkulu ʻO ia nā moʻolelo o Sinbad the Sailor. ʻO kēlā me kēia ʻoiaʻiʻo he luina kaʻao ʻo ia, ʻo kāna mau puke he mea waiwai maoli i ka holo ʻana i kōkua i ke kaha kiʻi ʻana i nā palapala ʻāina he nui. ʻAʻole maopopo ka lā i make ai ʻo Ibn Majid, ʻoiai ʻo ia paha i ka makahiki 1500, ʻoiai ʻo ia ka lā o kāna mau mele hope, a ma hope ʻaʻohe mea i kākau ʻia.

Ibn Hawqal

  Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Muhammad Abu al-Qasim Ibn Hawqal ma Iraq. Mai kona wā kamaliʻi, makemake nui ʻo ia i ka heluhelu ʻana e pili ana i ka huakaʻi a me nā huakaʻi, a me ke aʻo ʻana e pili ana i ka noho ʻana o nā ʻohana like ʻole a me nā lāhui ʻē aʻe o ka honua. No laila, i kona wā i nui ai, ua hoʻoholo ʻo ia e hoʻolilo i kona ola i ka huakaʻi a e aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i nā lāhui ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā ʻāina āna i kipa aku ai, ʻo ia nō ʻo ʻApelika ʻĀkau, ʻAigupita, Suria, ʻAmenia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Iran, a ma hope loa ʻo Sicily, kahi i ʻoki ʻia ai kāna lono. He wehewehe kikoʻī o nā ʻāina a pau āna i kipa aku ai, ʻaʻole manaʻo nui kekahi mau mea kākau i kēlā wehewehe no kona aloha Ua haʻi ʻo ia i nā moʻolelo e hālāwai ai me nā moʻolelo ʻakaʻaka a me nā moʻolelo ʻakaʻaka. wahi, ʻaʻole ia e hōʻole ʻo ia a ʻo ia kekahi o nā huakaʻi Arab kaulana loa.

Ibn Jubair

ʻO Ibn Jubayr he kanaka kālaihonua, huakaʻi a haku mele mai Andalusia, kahi i hānau ʻia ai ma Valencia. Ua wehewehe ʻo Ibn Jubayr i kāna huakaʻi hele mai 1183 a i 1185 i kona huakaʻi ʻana mai Granada a i Meka, e hele ana ma nā ʻāina he nui a hoʻi. Ua haʻi ʻo Ibn Jubayr i kahi wehewehe kikoʻī o nā ʻāina a pau āna i hele ai. ʻO ke koʻikoʻi o nā moʻolelo a Ibn Jubayr ma muli o kona wehewehe ʻana i ke kūlana o nā kūlanakauhale he nui i noho mua ma Andalusia ma mua o ka hoʻi ʻana i ke aupuni o nā aliʻi Karistiano ma ia manawa. Hōʻike pū ia i nā kūlana o ʻAigupita ma lalo o ke alakaʻi ʻana a Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi. ʻAʻole paha i hele ʻo Ibn Jubayr i nā huakaʻi he nui e like me kekahi mau huakaʻi Arab, akā he mea nui loa kāna huakaʻi a hoʻohui i ka moʻolelo.