Sayansi imapeza kusiya ndi kulimbana ndi ukalamba

Sayansi imapeza kusiya ndi kulimbana ndi ukalamba

Pankhani zomwe zingasinthe dziko la zamankhwala ndi sayansi, ofufuza a pa yunivesite ya Cambridge ku Braham Institute abwera ndi njira yatsopano yosinthira ma cell a khungu la munthu, pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wodalirika kwambiri wothana ndi ukalamba.

Ngakhale ma cellwa amagwira ntchito ngati maselo ochepera zaka 30, adatha kusunga zina mwazinthu zawo zapadera zomwe adazipeza pamoyo wawo, kupita patsogolo kosangalatsa m'gawoli, malinga ndi eLife, New Atlas inati.

ma cell stem cell

Mu 2012, wofufuza waku Japan Shinya Yamanaka adalandira Mphotho ya Nobel chifukwa cha ntchito yake yopanga ma iPSC. Maselo amenewa amayamba ngati maselo akuluakulu amene amakololedwa n’kuikidwa m’mamolekyu anayi otchedwa Yamanaka factor, omwe amawabwezera ku msinkhu. Chifukwa chake, ma cell stem amatha kukhala amtundu uliwonse m'thupi.

Zinalengezedwanso kale kuti asayansi apindula ndi teknoloji ya Yamanaka factor m'njira zingapo zosangalatsa, chifukwa adayikidwa mu akalulu kuti abwezeretse masomphenya ndi kutha kuona, kuchiza kusowa kwa dopamine mu zinyama za matenda a Parkinson ndi kukonza minofu ya mtima yowonongeka. mu nkhumba.

Komabe, kukonzanso kwathunthu kumatenga masiku pafupifupi 50 kuti apereke maselo kuzinthu za Yamanaka, pomwe asayansi a Prabraham Institute apeza kuti pali cholakwika munjira iyi yomwe ingabweretse phindu lofunikira pandandanda.

Reprogram

Maselo akamakonzedwanso, amasiya luso linalake limene anapangidwa akamakula. Pankhani ya maselo a khungu, izi zimaphatikizapo kupanga collagen kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito mu tendons, ligaments, ndi mafupa ndikuthandizira kuchiritsa mabala. Lingaliroli linali lozikidwa pa kubwezeretsa maselowa ku mkhalidwe waunyamata, koma popanda kufufutiratu kudziwika kwawo.

Njira yatsopano ya gululi, yotchedwa maturation-cross-reprogramming, imalolanso maselo kuti awonetse zinthu za Yamanaka kwa masiku 13 okha, kuchotsa kusintha kwa zaka ndi kuchotsa chidziwitso, koma kwakanthawi. Maselo osinthikawa adaloledwa kukula pansi pamikhalidwe yabwinobwino, ndipo adapezanso mphamvu zama cell akhungu.

Poyang'ana zolembera zomwe zimapanga mawotchi a epigenetic ndi mamolekyu omwe maselo amawafotokozera, asayansi adatsimikizira kuti maselo opangidwanso amafanana ndi ma cell azaka 30 zocheperako. Maselo okonzedwanso adatulutsanso kolajeni yochulukirapo kuposa ma cell owongolera, ndipo adachita bwino kwambiri pakuyesa kwa labotale komwe kumapangidwira kubwereza kuchiritsa mabala.

Sitepe yaikulu patsogolo

Dr Diljit Gale, wolemba nawo kafukufukuyu, adati: "Zotsatira zathu zikuyimira sitepe yayikulu pakumvetsetsa kwathu kukonzanso ma cell."

Ananenanso kuti, "Tawonetsa kuti maselo amatha kukonzanso popanda kutaya ntchito yawo komanso kuti kukonzanso kumafuna kubwezeretsa ntchito zina ku maselo akale."

Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, asayansi adapezanso kuti njira yosinthidwayo ikuwoneka kuti ili ndi zotsatira zotsutsana ndi ukalamba pa majini okhudzana ndi matenda a Alzheimer's and cataracts.

Chithandizo chodabwitsa m'maso

Pulofesa Wolf Rick, yemwenso ndi amene analemba nawo kafukufukuyu, anati: “Ntchitoyi ili ndi zotsatirapo zosangalatsa kwambiri. Pamapeto pake, titha kuzindikira majini omwe amabadwanso popanda kukonzanso, ndikuwongolera makamaka majiniwo kuti achepetse kukalamba. ”

Ananenanso kuti "njira imeneyi imalengeza zinthu zamtengo wapatali zomwe zingatsegule njira yodabwitsa yochiritsira."