Phunzirani za ziwalo zolemera kwambiri za thupi lanu

Phunzirani za ziwalo zolemera kwambiri za thupi lanu

Chiwalo chilichonse m’thupi la munthu chimapangidwa ndi gulu la minyewa yomwe imagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti igwire ntchito inayake m’thupi, monga kugaya zakudya kapena kupanga mankhwala amene amathandiza kuti maselo aubongo azilankhulana. Ngakhale asayansi ali ndi malingaliro osiyanasiyana pa zomwe kwenikweni zimawerengedwa ngati chiwalo, chiwerengero chotchulidwa kwambiri cha ziwalo za thupi la munthu ndi 78, kuphatikizapo zigawo zikuluzikulu zogwira ntchito monga ubongo ndi mtima, komanso ziwalo zing'onozing'ono za thupi, monga lilime.

Malinga ndi kunena kwa Live Science, ziwalo za thupi la munthu zimabwera mosiyanasiyana ndi kukula kwake kuti zisonyeze ntchito zambiri zofunika zomwe zimagwira. Koma kodi ndi mbali iti ya thupi imene imalemera kwambiri? Mungadabwe mutadziwa yankho la funsoli motere:

khungu

Khungu limavala korona wa chiwalo cholemera kwambiri m'thupi la munthu, koma pali kusiyana kwina pa kulemera kwake. Magwero ena amasonyeza kuti akuluakulu amanyamula pafupifupi makilogalamu 3.6 a khungu, pamene ena amanena kuti khungu limapanga pafupifupi 16% ya kulemera kwa thupi la akuluakulu, pamenepa ngati munthu akulemera makilogalamu 77 mwachitsanzo, khungu lake lidzalemera pafupifupi. 12.3 kg.

Malinga ndi lipoti la 1949 mu Journal of Investigative Dermatology, kuyerekezera kwakukulu kumawerengera pannus adipose, minofu yamafuta yomwe ili pakati pa zigawo zapamwamba za khungu ndi minofu yapansi, monga gawo la khungu, pamene minofu iyi imawerengedwa. mosiyana mu kuyerekezera kulemera kochepa.

Olemba lipotilo amatsutsana ndi kuphatikizika kwa pannus adipose ndipo motero amatsimikiza kuti khungu limapanga pafupifupi 6% ya kulemera kwa munthu wamkulu. Koma zolemba zaposachedwa zachipatala, Primary Care Notebook, zimati minofu ya adipose ndi gawo lachitatu komanso lamkati la khungu, hypodermis, lomwe limasonyeza kuti liyenera kuwerengedwa.

Fupa la ntchafu

Chigoba ndi organic system, kapena gulu la ziwalo zomwe pamodzi zimagwira ntchito zakuthupi. Chigobachi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu kwambiri m'thupi la munthu, ndipo zimatha kulemera pafupifupi 15 peresenti ya kulemera konse kwa thupi la munthu wamkulu, malinga ndi ndemanga ya 2019 yofalitsidwa mu International Journal of Biological Sciences.

Mafupa akuluakulu amakhala ndi mafupa 206, ngakhale kuti anthu ena akhoza kukhala ndi nthiti zowonjezera kapena vertebrae. Chikazi, chomwe chili pakati pa bondo ndi chiuno, ndicholemera kwambiri kuposa zonsezi. Pafupifupi, femur imalemera pafupifupi magalamu 380, koma kulemera kwake kwenikweni kumasiyanasiyana malinga ndi zaka, jenda komanso thanzi.

الكبد

Malinga ndi bungwe la American Liver Foundation, chiwindi chimalemera pafupifupi makilogramu 1.4 mpaka 1.6 ndipo ndicho chiwalo chachiwiri cholemera kwambiri m’thupi la munthu. Chiwindi ndi chiwalo chooneka ngati koni chomwe chili pamwamba pa mimba ndi pansi pa diaphragm, yomwe ndi minofu yooneka ngati dome pansi pa mapapo. Chiwindi chimathandiza kuchotsa poizoni ndi kugaya chakudya, pakati pa ntchito zina zofunika. Malinga ndi a Johns Hopkins Medicine, chiŵindi chimasunga pafupifupi lita imodzi ya magazi nthawi zonse, yomwe ndi pafupifupi 13 peresenti ya magazi a m’thupi.

ubongo

Kuyambira kuganiza mpaka kulamulira kuyenda, ubongo wa munthu umagwira ntchito zambiri zofunika m’thupi, ndipo kulemera kwake kumasonyeza kufunika kwake. Malinga ndi ndemanga ya m'magazini ya PNAS, ubongo umapanga pafupifupi 2% ya kulemera kwa thupi la munthu wamkulu.

Kulemera kwaubongo kumatengeranso zaka za munthu komanso jenda. Ali ndi zaka 1.4, ubongo wa munthu umalemera makilogalamu 65. Ali ndi zaka 1.3, amatsika mpaka 10 kg. Malinga ndi buku lina lotchedwa Encyclopedia of the Human Brain, ubongo wa akazi umalemera pafupifupi 100 peresenti poyerekezera ndi ubongo wa amuna, koma malinga ndi kunena kwa magazini yotchedwa Intelligence, munthu akaganizira kulemera kwa thupi lonse, ubongo wa amuna umalemera pafupifupi magalamu XNUMX okha.

mapapo

Mapapo ndi ena mwa ziwalo zolemera kwambiri za thupi la munthu. Mapapo akumanja nthawi zambiri amalemera pafupifupi 0.6 kg, pomwe mapapu akumanzere amakhala ochepa pang'ono ndipo amalemera pafupifupi 0.56 kg. Mapapo a amuna akuluakulu amalemeranso kuposa aakazi.

Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti mapapu amalemera magalamu 40 pobadwa. Mapapo amangoyamba kukula pamene alveoli amapanga ali ndi zaka ziwiri, pamene mapapu amalemera pafupifupi magalamu 170.

moyo

Mtima wa munthu umakhala pakatikati pa kayendedwe ka magazi ndipo mosatopa umapopa magazi kudzera m'thupi, kutumiza okosijeni ndi zakudya ku minofu. Minofu yolemera kwambiri yomwe imayendetsa kugunda kwa mtima ndi chifukwa cha kulemera kwake kwakukulu. Mtima umalemera pafupifupi magalamu 280 mpaka 340 mwa amuna akuluakulu ndi pafupifupi 230 mpaka 280 magalamu mwa akazi akuluakulu.

impso

Impso zimachotsa poizoni ndi zinyalala za thupi. Ntchito yofunikayi imachitika ndi ma nephrons, omwe ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timasefa pakati pa magazi ndi chikhodzodzo. Impso iliyonse imakhala ndi ma nephron mamiliyoni ambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiwalochi chikhale chimodzi mwazinthu zolemera kwambiri m'thupi. Amalemera pakati pa 125 mpaka 170 magalamu mwa amuna akuluakulu ndi 115 mpaka 155 magalamu mwa akazi akuluakulu.

ndulu

Pokhala pafupi ndi kapamba, nduluyo imachotsa maselo ofiira akale ndi owonongeka m'magazi, imayang'anira kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera amagazi, ndikupanga ma antibodies ndi mamolekyu oteteza thupi omwe amathandiza kulimbana ndi matenda. Mphuno imalemera pafupifupi magalamu 150 mwa akulu, koma malinga ndi kafukufuku wasayansi wa 2019 wofalitsidwa mu nyuzipepala ya Surgery, kulemera kwake kumasiyanasiyana munthu ndi munthu.

kapamba

Pancreas imayang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndipo imatulutsa michere yomwe imathandiza matumbo kutenga zakudya kuchokera ku chakudya chomwe chagayidwa. Pamodzi ndi ndulu, kapamba ndi chiwalo cholemera kwambiri chogayitsa chakudya. Pancreas nthawi zambiri imalemera magalamu 60 mpaka 100 mwa munthu wamkulu. Ikhoza kulemera mpaka magalamu 180 mwa anthu ena.

Chithokomiro

Chithokomiro chili m’khosi ndipo chimagwira ntchito yaikulu pakuwongolera mmene thupi limagwiritsira ntchito mphamvu. Kulemera kwawo kumasiyanasiyana pakati pa anthu, koma nthawi zambiri amalemera pafupifupi 30 magalamu. Chithokomiro chikhoza kukhala cholemera kwambiri panthawi ya msambo ndi mimba. Hyperthyroidism, matenda omwe amachititsa kuti chithokomiro chizitulutsa mahomoni ambiri kuposa momwe thupi limafunira, chingayambitse kukula ndi kukula kwake.

prostate gland

Ngakhale kuti ndi yaing’ono, yomwe tingaiyerekeze ndi kukula kwa mtedza, prostate ndi imodzi mwa ziwalo zolemera kwambiri m’thupi la munthu. Pafupifupi kulemera kwa prostate wamkulu ndi pafupifupi magalamu 25, koma kulemera kwake kumasiyana munthu ndi munthu. Malinga ndi University of Utah, prostate yokulirapo imatha kukula kuwirikiza katatu kukula kwake ndi kulemera pafupifupi magalamu 80.

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