Kodi zilema za mtima wobadwa nazo ndi ziti, ndipo zikafika zotheka kukhala nazo mwachibadwa?

Chilema cha mtima chobadwa nacho ndi kusaumbika kwa mtima pakubadwa. Matenda ena obadwa nawo a mtima amakhala aang'ono kwambiri ndipo sangayambitse matenda. Zina ndi zoopsa komanso zovuta. Matendawa nthawi zambiri amapezeka ali makanda kapena ali aang'ono chifukwa cha zizindikiro zake ndipo amatha kukonzedwanso panthawiyo.

Matenda a mtima obadwa kwa munthu wamkulu nthawi zambiri amatenga njira imodzi mwa njira ziwiri izi: vuto lopanda zizindikiro muubwana lomwe limatsagana ndi zizindikiro pambuyo pake, kapena vuto lomwe limakonzedwa paubwana lomwe limafunikira kukonzanso kwina kapena chithandizo chatsopano akakula. Chifukwa kukonzanso kwa mtima wobadwa nawo kungayambitse mavuto pambuyo pake, odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lokonzedwa ali mwana amafunikira chisamaliro chokhazikika chamtima pamoyo wawo wonse. Nthawi zina munthu wamkulu adzakhala ndi zizindikiro za chilema chovuta kwambiri kwa nthawi yoyamba ngati wamkulu.

Mitundu yodziwika bwino yazovuta zamtima zobadwa nazo zomwe zimapezeka mwa akulu ndi:

Era defects ("mabowo mu mtima")

Kuwonongeka kwa septal kumatha kuchitika pakati pa ma ventricles (zipinda zopopera) mu mtima, zomwe zimatchedwa ventricular septal defect, kapena pakati pa atria (zipinda zodzaza), zotchedwa atrial septal defect. Ndi mtundu uliwonse, magazi okosijeni ochokera m'mapapo amasakanikirana ndi magazi opanda okosijeni obwera kuchokera m'thupi. Vuto lalikulu la kuwonongeka kwa septal limawoneka pamene njira yosakanikirana ndi magazi imapangitsa kuti magazi ochokera pamtima azikhala ndi mpweya wochepa kwambiri (shunt, kapena 'septal perforation', kuchokera kumanja kupita kumanzere).

Shunt, kaya kuchokera kumanzere kupita kumanja kapena kumanja kupita kumanzere, imapangitsa mtima kugwira ntchito molimbika kuti ugawire mpweya womwewo m'thupi.

Kuwonongeka kwa ma valve

Vavu yomwe ili pamtima imatha kulephera kutseguka kwathunthu kapena kulephera kutseka kwathunthu chifukwa cha vuto, kapena ikhoza kukhala yolakwika. Matendawa amakakamiza mtima kugwira ntchito molimbika kuti magazi aziyenda bwino mu mtima kuti akwaniritse zofuna za thupi.

yopapatiza mitsempha yamagazi

Mitsempha yamagazi yomwe imakhala yopapatiza kwambiri panthawi inayake imapangitsa mtima kugwira ntchito molimbika kupopa magazi abwinobwino. Mitsempha yamagazi imatha kulumikizidwa molakwika, kutumiza magazi opanda oxygen m'thupi kapena magazi omwe ali ndi okosijeni kale m'mapapo.

Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima wobadwa nawo amakhala ndi chiopsezo chowonjezereka cha mavuto ena a mtima, kuphatikizapo stroke, pulmonary hypertension, kulephera kwa mtima, ndi arrhythmia.