Ndezvipi zvinoshamisa zvinomwe zvenyika zvakafadza nyika?

Chimwe nechimwe chezvishamiso zvinomwe zvenyika chine nyaya inotaura chikonzero chekuvakwa kwayo nemukurumbira wayo, uye izvi zvinoshamisa ndezvi:
Great Pyramid Khufu

MuEgypt ndicho chimwe chezvivakwa zvikurusa pasi rose.Pharaoh Khufu akaraira kuti rivakwe rive guva rake, uye ndiro hombe pamapiramidhi matatu.Piramidhi yeKhufu iri muguta reGiza kuEgypt. .Rakavakwa munguva ya2584-2561 BC.Zvakatora makore makumi maviri kuti zvivakwa, uye zvinoonekwa seimwe yezvishamiso zvekare-kare.Nyika nomwe; Yakanyora varume 20 ​​360 mukuvakwa kwayo, uye matombo ematombo mamiriyoni 2.3 akashandiswa, anorema anenge matani maviri pabhuroko rimwe nerimwe. Kureba kwepiramidhi kunosvika 2 tsoka; kureva 480 AD, uye aive mumwe wevanhu vakanetsa kwazvo pasi rose; Chinodavirwa kuva chivakwa chirefu zvikurusa chakavakwa nomunhu kwamakore 146 4, uye ndicho bedzi chasara uye ndicho chimwe chete chasara cheZvinomwe Zvinoshamisa Zvenyika Yakare.

Mapindu Anorembera eBhabhironi

MuIraq, mambo weBabironi Nebhukadhinezari akavaka Mapindu eHanging eBabironi muIraq munguva iri pakati pe605-562 BC; Sechipo kumudzimai wake, uyo akanga asingafariri nyika yake uye kunaka kwechimiro chake, imwe yetsanangudzo dzinonyanya kutaura nezvake ndeyemunyori wenhau dzakaitika Diodorus weSicily, uyo akazvitsanangura sendege dzezvirimwa zvinodiridza. The Hanging Gardens eBhabhironi matuta ane matombo anokwira zvishoma nezvishoma kusvika kumamita anopfuura 23. Anogona kusvikwa nokukwira nomunhevedzano yemasitepisi.Mapindu akanga akasimwa ane marudzi akawanda emaruva, michero, uye miriwo yechando neyezhizha; Kuti rirambe rakasvibira uye richibudirira mugore rose, rakanga rakapoteredzwawo nomugero uri kumahombekombe kwoRwizi rwaYufratesi.” Aya mapindu ane magedhi masere, akakurumbira zvikurusa awo ari Gedhi reIshtar.
Kuvapo kweMapindu Akarembera eBabironi kwakaitiranwa nharo; Sezvo nhoroondo yeBhabhironi isina kuidudza, mukuwedzera kuna ikoko, baba venhau Herodotus haana kutaura pamusoro payo mukurondedzera kwake guta reBhabhironi, asi vanyori venhau vakawanda vakabvumikisa kuti rakanga ririko, zvakadai sa: Diodorus, Philo, uye Strabo, uye mapindu eBhabhironi akaparadzwa pashure pezvivako zvawo.Kudengenyeka kwenyika kwakarova nzvimbo yacho.

Temberi yaAtemisi

KuTurkey, Temberi yaAtemisi yakavakwa pasi pesimba raMambo weLydia, Mambo Croesus muna 550 BC, uye yakatumidzwa zita raMambokadzi Artemis.Kureba kwayo kwakasvika mamita mazana mana nemakumi maviri neshanu uye kufara kwayo kwaiva mafiti 120. nemurume ainzi Herostratus; Musi waChikunguru 425, 225 BC, Herostratus akapisa temberi; Nedonzo rokuzvizivisa amene kupfurikidza nokuparadza chimwe chezvivako zvinoshamisa zvikurusa zvakavakwa navanhu, asi vaEfeso havana kuzvibvuma.
Temberi panguva iyoyo yaionekwa seimwe yezvivako zvinoshamisa uye zvinoshamisa, uye Alexander II akapa chivako chayo, asi vanhu veEfeso pakutanga vairamba, asi yakavakwazve pashure porufu rwake asi pamwero muduku, uye yakaparadzwa zvakare. nevaGoths paakarwisa Girisi, ipapo yechitatu neyekupedzisira yakavakirwa iyo Ipapo yakaparadzwa zvachose muna 401 BC, apo boka guru revaKristu rakaripfura pasi pemurairo waSaint John, maererano nezvakataurwa nemunyori wenhau dzakaitika Strabo. bhuku rake, uye zvimwe zvikamu zvaro zvichiri kuchengetwa muBritish Museum.

Chifananidzo chaZeus

MuOlympia, chifananidzo chaZeus chakasikwa nemumwe wevavezi vakanakisisa munyika, muvezi wechiGiriki Phidias, muzana remakore rechishanu BC; Achikudza mwari Zeus, Phidias aifananidzira mwari Zeus akagara pachigaro chake, uye akashandisa nyanga dzenzou mukuvaka kwacho kuratidza muviri wake, uye chipfeko chake chaiva chegoridhe rakarohwa nenyundo, uye kureba kwechifananidzo chacho kwakasvika mamita 12, kwaakasvika mamita gumi nemaviri. aida kumutora mufananidzo paakanga akagara, asi nekuda kwehurefu hwake aitaridza sekunge akamira kuti abate sirin'i, nekudaro fungidziro yake yemadimesheni yaive isiriyo. Chifananidzo chakaputswa chikaendeswa kuguta reConstantinople kuti chiparadzwe nemoto, mushure mekubuda kwechiKristu uye kurambidzwa kwekunamata zvidhori.

Mausoleum yeHalicarnassus (Mausolus)

MuTurkey, mausoleum aMambo wePezhiya Satrap Mausolus, anozivikanwa seMausoleum yeHalicarnassus, akavakwa muna 351 BC, akatumidzwa zita reguta reHalicarnassus, iro rakatorwa namambo seguta guru. imomo muyeuko yake, uye makore maviri gare gare iyewo akafa, uye mutumbi wake wakaiswa imomo pamwe chete nowomurume wake. Kureba kwemausoleum kwakasvika 353 tsoka, uye 135 vavezi vechiGiriki vakapinda mukushongedza kwayo. Iyo shrine yakaparadzwa neboka rekudengenyeka kwenyika, uye muna 4 AD, yakabviswa zvachose uye yakashandiswa neuto reSaint John mukuvakwa kweBodrum Castle, uye matombo akashandiswa achiripo nanhasi.
Mausoleum ine zvikamu zvitatu kubva mukati, muchikamu chepasi, mushanyi anowana imba hombe yakavakwa nematombo machena, pamusoro pechikamu chechipiri, ine makoramu makumi matatu nematanhatu akagoverwa pamusoro pezvikamu kutsigira sirin'i ye mausoleum. pazasi pemausoleum, kune mikoto inoenda kukamuri umo pfuma, goridhe, uye zvakasara zvamambo namambokadzi zvakaiswa mukati mewhite marble sarcophagus.

Statue_Rhodes

MuGreece, Statue yeRhodes chifananidzo chikuru chemunhurume, chakavakwa munguva ye292-280 BC; Mukukudza mwari Helios, mufudzi wechitsuwa cheRhodes, yakavakwa mushure mekubudirira kwekudzivirira kweguta pakurwisa kwakaitika muna 305 BC. AD, pasi pehutungamiri hwemutungamiri weMacedonia Demetrius, uyo akasiya zvombo zvakawanda izvo. vakatengeswa nemari yakawanda kwemakore 56. Yakaparadzwa nekudengenyeka kwenyika muna 226 BC. Chifananidzo cheRhodes chakasvika kureba kwemamita 110, uye makumbo acho akamira pamakumbo maviri akafanana, uye Pliny anoti: Zvigunwe zvechifananidzo zvakakura kudarika chero chifananidzo panguva iyoyo, uye maererano nemunyori wenhau dzakaitika Theophanes, chifananidzo chacho chakanga chakafukidzwa nendarira, uye mamwe amatongo aro akatengeswa kumutengesi wechiJudha, akaendeswa kunyika yake.

Lighthouse yeAlexandria

KuEgypt, Ptolemy I akaraira kuvakwa kweLighthouse yeAlexandria pachitsuwa chinonzi Foros, uye kuvakwa kwayo kwakapera muna 280 BC. Chiedza chemwenje panguva iyoyo chaive chechitatu pakureba mushure mepiramidhi neTemberi yaAtemisi; Yakasvika pakureba mamita 440, uye chimwe chezvimiro zvayo ndechokuti yairatidzira mirazvo yezuva mukati mezuva kupfurikidza nechionioni chiri pamusoro, asi usiku yaivhenekerwa nomoto, uye munhu aigona kuiona iri chinhambwe chemamaira 35. ; Aya ndiwo makiromita 57. Kana iri chimiro, hwaro hwayo hwaiva nemativi mana akaenzana, kuti husimuke gare gare muchimiro cheoctagons, asi kubva pakati pahwo hwakavakwa muchimiro chedenderedzwa. Chiedza chechiedza chakaparadzwa nekudengenyeka kwenyika.Kudengenyeka kwenyika kwekutanga kwakakonzera kukanganisa kukuru kwairi muna 956 AD, kwakateverwa nekudengenyeka kwenyika kwechipiri muna 1303, kwakateverwa nekudengenyeka kwenyika kwechitatu muna 1323 AD, uye kunyangarika kwayo kwekupedzisira kwaiva muna 1480 AD, uye nzvimbo yaro ikozvino. yakagarwa nenhare inonzi mamwe eQaitbei. Lighthouse matombo.