Chii chakakosha cheleap year mukarenda?

Chii chakakosha cheleap year mukarenda?

Kukadzi 29 inyaya isingawanzoitiki, sezvo riri iro zuva rega rega risingaitike gore negore, asi rinoonekwa nevanhu kamwe chete pamakore mana oga oga.Vanozvarwa pazuva iri vanoonekwa sevamwe vasina rombo rakanaka pakati pevanhu nokuti zuva ravo rekuberekwa hariiti gore negore. asi kamwe chete makore mana oga oga.

Makore ekusvetuka makore ane mazuva 366 ekarenda pachinzvimbo chemazuva 365 ekarenda, uye anoitika makore mana oga oga mukarenda yaGregory, rinova iro karenda rinoshandiswa nenyika zhinji pasi rose. Zuva rekuwedzera, rinozivikanwa sezuva rekusvetuka, ndiKukadzi 29, iyo isipo mumakore asiri-anosvetuka.

Mune mamwe mazwi, gore rega rega rinopatsanurwa nechina igore rekusvetuka, senge 2020 na2024, kunze kwemamwe makore zana kana makore anopera nenhamba 00, senge gore 1900.

Webhusaiti ye "Live Science", iyo inonyanya kukoshesa nhau dzesainzi, yakaburitsa rondedzero yakadzama, iyo Al Arabiya Net yakaona, ichitsanangura zvikonzero uye kuti "gore rekusvetuka" rakaonekwa sei, uye nhoroondo yaro munyika.

Chirevo ichi chinoti mamwe makarenda asiri ekuMadokero, anosanganisira karenda rechiIslam, karenda rechiHebheru, karenda reChinese, uye karenda reEthiopia, anewo shanduro dzemakore ekusvetuka, asi makore aya haauye ose makore mana ega ega uye anowanzoitika mumakore. akasiyana neaya ari mukarenda yaGregory. Mamwe makarenda anewo mazuva akawanda ekusvetuka kana kunyange akapfupikiswa mwedzi yekusvetuka.

Pamusoro pemakore ekusvetuka nemazuva ekusvetuka, iyo (Western) kalendari yeGregorian zvakare ine nhamba diki yemasekonzi ekusvetuka, ayo akawedzerwa zvishoma nezvishoma kune mamwe makore, nguva pfupi yadarika muna 2012, 2015 na2016. Nekudaro, iyo International Bureau of Weights and Measures (IBWM), sangano rinotarisira kuchengetwa kwenguva pasi rose, richabvisa masekondi ekusvetuka kubva 2035 zvichienda mberi.

Sei tichida makore akawanda?

Chirevo cheLive Science chinoti makore ekusvetuka akakosha, uye pasina iwo, makore edu aizotaridzika akasiyana zvachose mukupedzisira. Makore ekusvetuka ariko nekuti gore rimwe mukarenda yaGregory ipfupi zvishoma pane gore rezuva kana rinopisa, inova nguva inotora Nyika kuti itenderere zuva zvachose kamwechete. Gore rekarenda rakareba mazuva 365 chaiwo, asi gore rezuva rinenge 365.24 mazuva, kana mazuva 365, maawa mashanu, 5 maminitsi, uye 48 masekondi.

Kana isu tikasatora mutsauko uyu munhoroondo, gore rega rega rinopfuura tinonyora gap pakati pekutanga kwekarenda gore uye gore rezuva iro richawedzera nemaawa mashanu, 5 maminitsi uye 48 masekondi gore rega rega, uye izvi zvichawedzera. shandura nguva dzemwaka. Semuenzaniso, kana tikarega kushandisa makore anosvetuka, mushure memakore angangoita 56, zhizha muNorthern Hemisphere raizotanga muna Zvita pachinzvimbo chaChikumi.

Kuwedzera mazuva ekusvetuka gore rega rega rechina kunopedza dambudziko iri nekuti zuva rekuwedzera rinenge rakaenzana nehurefu hwakafanana nemusiyano unounganidza panguva ino.

Nekudaro, sisitimu haina kukwana: tinowana mamwe maminetsi makumi mana nemana ega ega makore mana ega ega, kana zuva rimwe chete makore 44 ega ega. Kuti tigadzirise dambudziko iri, tinosvetuka makore ekusvetuka-svetuka gore rega-rega kunze kweaya anopatsanurwa nemazana mana, akadai se129 ne400. Asi kunyangwe ipapo, pakanga pachine musiyano mudiki pakati pemakore ekarenda nemakore ezuva, ndosaka International Bureau of Weights and Measures yakaedzawo nekusvetuka masekondi.
Asi kazhinji, makore ekusvetuka anoreva kuti karenda reGregorian (Western) rinoramba richienderana nerwendo rwedu rwekutenderera zuva.

Nhoroondo yemakore ekusvetuka

Pfungwa yemakore ekusvetuka inodzokera kumashure muna 45 BC, apo Mambo weRoma wekare Julius Caesar akatanga karenda raJulius, iro raive nemazuva 365 akakamurwa kuita mwedzi gumi nemiviri yatichiri kushandisa mukarenda yaGregory.
Karenda yaJulius yaisanganisira makore ekusvetuka ega ega makore mana pasina musiyano, uye yaiwiriraniswa nemwaka yePasi nekuda kwe "Gore Rokupedzisira Renyonganiso" muna 46 B.C., iro raisanganisira mwedzi gumi nemishanu nemazuva mazana mana nemakumi mana nemashanu, sekureva kweYunivhesiti yeHouston.

Kwemazana emakore, karenda yaJulius yaiita seyainyatsoshanda, asi pakazosvika pakati pezana remakore rechi10, nyanzvi dzenyeredzi dzakaona kuti mwaka yakanga yava kutanga mazuva anenge gumi kupfuura zvaitarisirwa apo mazororo anokosha, akadai seIsita, akanga asingachapindirani nezvimwe zviitiko, zvakadai semazuva gumi. equinox.

Kugadzirisa dambudziko iri, Pope Gregory XIII akatanga karenda yaGregory muna 1582, yakafanana nekarenda yaJulius asi isingabatanidzi makore akawanda kwemakore zana.

Kwemazana emakore, karenda yaGregory yaingoshandiswa nenyika dzechiKaturike chete, dzakadai seItaly neSpain, asi yakazogamuchirwawo nenyika dzechiPurotesitendi, dzakadai seGreat Britain muna 1752, apo makore ayo akatanga kutsauka zvakanyanya kubva kunyika dzechiKaturike.

Nekuda kwekusiyana kwemakarenda, nyika dzakazochinjira kukarenda yaGregory dzakamanikidzwa kudarika mazuva kuti aenderane nenyika yose. Somuenzaniso, apo Britain yakachinja makarenda muna 1752, September 2 akateverwa naSeptember 14, maererano neRoyal Greenwich Museum.

Chirevo cheLive Science chinopedzisa kuti vanhu vachamanikidzwa pane imwe nguva mune ramangwana riri kure kuti vaongorore zvakare karenda yaGregory nekuti haienderane nemakore ezuva, asi zvinotora zviuru zvemakore kuti izvi zviitike.

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