Dzidza nezvenhoroondo yenhabvu

Nhoroondo yemazuva ano yemutambo waunofarira pasi rose inotora makore anopfuura 100. Izvo zvese zvakatanga muna 1863 kuEngland, apo nhabvu yerugby yakatanga kubva mumitambo yavo yakasiyana-siyana, uye Football Association of England yakaumbwa, ikava dare rinodzora remutambo wekutanga.

Zvose zviratidzo zvinobva pamudzi wakafanana uye zvose zvine muti wemadzitateguru wakareba uye wakaoma kunzwisisa. Tsvagiridzo yemazana emakore inoratidza inokwana hafu yegumi nemaviri mitambo yakasiyana, kune akasiyana madhigirii akasiyana, ayo enhoroondo yebudiriro yakadzokera kunhabvu. Kunyangwe kana kwete izvi zvinogona kururamiswa mune zvimwe zviitiko. Zvisinei, chokwadi chinoramba chiripo chokuti vanhu vave vachifarira kukava bhora kwezviuru zvemakore, uye hapana chikonzero chokufunga kuti kutsauka kubva panzira “yakajairika” yekutamba bhora nemaoko.

Pane zvinopesana, kunze kwekudiwa kwekushandisa makumbo nemakumbo mumatambudziko akaoma ebhora, kazhinji pasina mitemo yekudzivirira, pakutanga yakaonekwa kuti unyanzvi hwekudzora bhora netsoka hwakanga husiri nyore, uye, saizvozvo, zvaida unyanzvi hushoma. Nzira yekutanga yemutambo ine humbowo hwesainzi yaive yekuitwa kubva mubhuku remauto rekutanga kuXNUMXnd uye XNUMXrd mazana emakore BC muChina.

Humambo hwenhabvu hwaHan uhu hwainzi Zu Zhou uye hwaisanganisira kukava bhora redehwe rakazara minhenga nebvudzi nepaburi rakazaruka, raingofara masendimita 30-40, richiita mambure madiki akagadzikwa panzimbe refu. Maererano neimwe nzira yechiitwa ichi, mutambi wacho akanga asingabvumirwi kunanga pane chaaivavarira asingatadziswi, asi aifanira kushandisa tsoka, chifuva, musana nemapfudzi achiedza kutsungirira kurwiswa kwevaaipikisa. Kushandisa maoko hakubvumidzwi.

Imwe mhando yemutambo, zvakare yakatorwa kubva kuFar East, yaive yeJapan "kimari", iyo yakatanga makore 500-600 gare gare uye ichiri kuridzwa nhasi. Uyu mutambo unoshaya chinokwikwidza cheTsu Chu pasina kunetsekana pamusoro pekuva nazvo. Vatambi vakanga vakamira vakaita denderedzwa, uye vaifanira kupfuudzana bhora, munzvimbo diki, vachiedza kuti risarove pasi.

Izwi rechiGiriki rokuti "Episkyros" - iro zvishoma zvinyorwa zvekongiri zvakasara - zvaive nehupenyu, sezvakaita "Harpastum" yeRoma. Yekupedzisira yakatambwa nebhora diki nezvikwata zviviri panhandare ine rectangular yakanyorwa mitsetse yekuganhura nepakati. Chinangwa chaive chekuisa bhora pamusoro pemiganho yevanopikisa uye apo vatambi vaizvisarudzira pakati pavo, bluffing yaive yakarongeka yezuva. Mutambo uyu wakaramba wakakurumbira kwemakore 700-800, asi kunyange zvazvo vaRoma vakaenda nawo kuBritain, kushandiswa kwetsoka kwaiva kuduku zvokuti kwakanga kusingawanzoitiki.