Maseru asinganzwisisike ekudzivirira zvirwere anooneka mudumbu

Maseru asinganzwisisike ekudzivirira zvirwere anooneka mudumbu

Ichishanda kumepu yesero rese riri mumuviri wemunhu, timu yepasi rose yesainzi yakawana rudzi rwesero rekudzivirira muviri rinotanga mudumbu, uye kuvepo kwaro muvanhu kwave negakava rinopisa kusvika ikozvino, Live Science inoshuma, ichidudza Sainzi.

Iwo asinganzwisisike maseru, anozivikanwa seB-1 masero, akatanga kuwanikwa mumakonzo muma2018, maererano ne1 ongororo yesainzi yakaburitswa muJournal yeImmunology. Masero eB-1 anoonekwa kutanga mukukura kwembeva, mudumbu, uye anoburitsa masoja ekudzivirira chirwere akasiyana kana aitwa. Mamwe emasoja ekudzivirira chirwere aya anonamira kumaseru embeva uye anobatsira kubvisa masero akafa neafa kubva mumuviri. Akabatidzwa B-XNUMX maseru anoitawo masoja ekudzivirira chirwere anoita semutsetse wekutanga wedziviriro kubva kuhutachiona, senge mavhairasi uye mabhakitiriya.

Kutanga kwekushanduka kwevanhu

Mushure mokunge B-1 masero akawanikwa mumakonzo, boka rekutsvakurudza rakashuma muna 2011 kuti vakawana masero akaenzana muvanhu, asi zvigumisiro izvi hazvina kugamuchirwa sehumbowo hunogutsa.

Thomas Rothstein, purofesa uye sachigaro wekutanga weDhipatimendi reKuongorora Mushonga uye director weCentre for Immunobiology kuWestern Michigan Medical School Homer Stryker, aive muongorori wekutanga muchidzidzo chakapfuura, akati pane humbowo hwakasimba hwekuti B-1 masero anoonekwa Kukura kwevanhu, panguva yekutanga neyechipiri trimesters yekuzvitakura.

Rothstein, uyo akanga asingabatanidzwi mukutsvakurudza kutsva, akawedzera kuti migumisiro yechidzidzo chekupedzisira "simbisa uye kuwedzera basa rakabudiswa kare (tsvakurudzo)."

immune system kukura

Dr. Nicole Baumgarth, purofesa paUC Davis Center for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, uyo asinawo kubatanidzwa muchidzidzo chitsva, akati anotenda kuti ruzivo rutsva rwechidzidzo uye zvakawanikwa "ndizvo zvakanyanyisa" uye vanotsigira pfungwa yokuti vanhu. takura B-1 masero, achiwedzera Kuti mukufungidzira, B-1 masero anogona kuita mabasa akakosha mukukura kwekutanga, uye nekuadzidza zvakanyanya, masayendisiti anogona kuvandudza manzwisisiro avo ekuti kuvandudzwa kwesimba remuviri remuviri wemunhu rinotaridzika sei.

Atlas yemasero evanhu

Tsvakurudzo itsva iyi inoburitswa pamwe chete nezvimwe zvidzidzo zvitatu, zvakaitiswa neHuman Cell Atlas Consortium (HCA), boka rekutsvagisa pasi rose rinoshanda kuona nzvimbo, basa uye hunhu hwesero rega rega riri mumuviri wemunhu. Pamwe chete, zvidzidzo zvina zvinosanganisira kuongororwa kweanopfuura miriyoni imwe maseru evanhu, anomiririra anopfuura mazana mashanu emhando dzakasiyana dzemasero kubva kune anopfuura 500 akasiyana matishu.

Nepo muongorori anotungamira muchidzidzo chitsva ichi, Muzvinafundo Sarah Tishman, Musoro weDhipatimendi reCytogenetics paWellcome Sanger Institute muEngland uye sachigaro weDare Rinoronga reAtlas of Human Cells, vakati zvidzidzo izvi “Google mamepu muviri wemunhu, kusanganisira kuratidzwa chaiko” kwesero rimwe nerimwe nenzvimbo yaro.

kukura tishu

Muzvinafundo Tishman nevamwe vaaishanda navo nguva pfupi yadarika vakaisa nhamburiko dzavo pamasero edziviriro, uye kunyanya, maseru edziviriro anobuda panguva yekukura kwevanhu. Ongororo iyi yaisanganisira maseru kubva kumatishu mapfumbamwe ari kukura, senge thymus, gland inogadzira maseru ekudzivirira nehomoni, uye fetal yolk sac, diki diki rinopa chikafu mudumbu mukutanga kubata pamuviri. Matishu ese masamples akaongororwa nechikwata akabva kuHuman Developmental Biology Resource, bhanga rematishu rekuUK rinochengeta nyama dze "fetus" ne "fetus", nemvumo yakanyorwa kubva kune vanopa.

Mutete kupfuura bvudzi remunhu

Pamwe chete, iyo data yakafukidza nguva yekutanga yekukura kubva kumasvondo mana kusvika ku17 mushure mekubatana, panguva yekutanga neyechipiri trimesters yekuzvitakura. Muzvinafundo Tishman vakati vaongorori vakatora mifananidzo yakakwira-resolution yetishu iyi pachiyero che 0.001 inches (50 microns), iyo yakatetepa kupfuura bvudzi remunhu. Padanho resero rimwe chete, timu yakaongorora ese 'RNA transcripts' munyama yega yega, anoratidza mapuroteni akasiyana anogadzirwa nesero rega rega. Uchishandisa zvinyorwa izvi, vaongorori vanogona kuita fungidziro nezve kuzivikanwa uye kushanda kwesero rega rega.

Kuburikidza nekuongorora kwakadzama uku, timu yakawana maseru anofanana nerondedzero yeB-1 masero anowanikwa mumakonzo, maererano nehunhu hwavo uye nguva yekuonekwa.

B-2

"Mune rat system, B-1 masero anoonekwa kare - anotanga kuoneka," akadaro Dr. Rothstein. Rudzi rwakasiyana rwesero rekudzivirira zvirwere, rinodaidzwa zvakakodzera kuti B-2, rinobva rabuda mushure memasero ekutanga eB-1 rozopedzisira rave chimiro chakawanda cheB cell mugonzo. Nepo Muzvinafundo Tishman akatsanangura kuti masero edziviriro anogona kubatsira kuveza matishu matsva sezvaanoumba.

Kuchekerera matishu

Dr. Baumgarth vakati: "Paunofunga nezvekukura kwe "fetus", kazhinji, pane kugadziridzwa kukuru kwetishu kunoitika nguva dzese." Somuenzaniso, vanhu vanotanga kuita tambo pakati pezvigunwe zvavo zvetsoka, asi zvinopera zvakare vasati vaberekwa. Akataura kuti zvinokwanisika kuti masero eB-1 anobatsira kutungamira kucheka kwakadaro mumatishu panguva yekuvandudzwa, asi akatsanangura kuti kwaive kufungidzira kwaari.

Akaenderera mberi nekufungidzira kuti pamusoro pekuveza matishu, masero eB-1 anogona kupa imwe nhanho yekudzivirira kubva kuhutachiona hudiki hwekuyambuka chivharo che placenta.