Ndehupi hukama hwehungwaru kune genetics?

Hungwaru, nhaka uye hukama huri pakati pavo, nhoroondo refu yekusawirirana pamusoro pehunhu hwehungwaru uye zvinomisikidza. Kubva payakavambwa sesainzi yakazvimirira muna 1879, psychology yakaona dzidziso dzakawanda, imwe neimwe inotaura maonero akasiyana. Dzidziso idzi dzinogona kukamurwa, maererano ne "Oxford Handbook", kuva zvikoro zviviri zvekufunga. Yekutanga inofungidzira kuti pane humwe hungwaru hunogona. Vamwe vacho vanoenda vachiti zvakagadziriswa uye zvine chekuita nenhaka yemunhu, sezvo vazhinji vevaridzi vechikoro ichi vachitenda kuti hungwaru uhwu hunogona kuyerwa nemiedzo yakashandiswa kwese kwese uye mune zvese zviitiko. Chikoro chechipiri chinofungidzira kuti kune akawanda maitiro ehungwaru, asina kugadzikiswa uye mazhinji haagone kuyerwa neaya echinyakare nzira.

Iwo matatu-dimensional dzidziso yehungwaru, yakagadzirwa naRobert Sternberg weYale University mukupera kwezana ramakore rechiXNUMX, ndeyechikoro chechipiri. Iyo yakavakirwa pamatanho matatu, uye chiyero chimwe nechimwe chine chekuita nemhando yakakosha yehungwaru. Hungwaru uhwu hunoturikirwa kuburikidza nekubudirira muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva hwakabatana neakananga uye kuchinja mamiriro uye nharaunda. Nokudaro, maererano nemaonero ake, vazhinji vavo havagoni kuyerwa uye kuongororwa nemipimo yakawanda; Asi kune mipimo yakawanda uye isina kugadziriswa. Ndiko kuti, zvinoenderana ne "kukwanisa kwemunhu kuziva simba rake uye kusasimba kwake uye nzira yekuwedzera simba uye kuderedza kushaya simba," anodaro. Iwo mativi matatu ndeaya:

1. Mupimo unoshanda, une chokuita nokukwanisa kwomunhu kubata nezvinetso zvaanotarisana nazvo muupenyu hwezuva nezuva; Somuenzaniso, kumba, kubasa, kuchikoro uye kuyunivhesiti. Kazhinji, kugona uku kwakajeka, uye kunosimbiswa nekufamba kwenguva kuburikidza nekudzidzira. Kune vanhu vanopedza nguva yakawanda pane rimwe basa uye vanowana ruzivo rushoma rwekunyarara. Kana vari avo vane njere dzinoshanda, vane mano makuru okuchinjira kunharaunda ipi neipi itsva, uye nzira yokusarudza nayo nzira itsva dzokubata nayo, nokuipesvedzera.

2. Chimiro cheunyanzvi ndiko kugadzirwa kwezvisingazivikanwe uye zvakambozivikanwa mhinduro, pfungwa uye dzidziso. Kuve kutsva, hunyanzvi hwakazvarwa husina kusimba uye husina kukwana nekuti hutsva. Nokudaro, haigoni kuongororwa uye kuongororwa nemazvo. Sternberg akagumisawo kuti vanhu vanogadzira vanogadzira mune dzimwe nzvimbo pane dzimwe; Innovation haisi yepasi rose zvachose.

3. The analytical dimension, yakabatana nekukwanisa kuongorora, kuongorora, kuenzanisa nekusiyanisa, uye mano aya anowanzowanwa, kana kubva kune vamwe muupenyu hwezuva nezuva, kana kuchikoro uye kuyunivhesiti, uye anogona kuiswa pasi pekuongororwa nedzimwe nzira dzechinyakare.