Chii chinonzi congenital heart defects, uye pazvinenge zvichiita kuti ugare nazvo nenzira yomuzvarirwo?

A congenital heart defect kukanganisa kwemoyo pakuzvarwa. Zvimwe zvirema zvemoyo zvekuzvarwa zvidiki zvakanyanya uye hazvikonzerese matambudziko ehutano. Zvimwe zvine ngozi uye zvakaoma kunzwisisa. Izvi zvinokanganisa zvinowanzoonekwa muhucheche kana muhudiki nekuda kwezviratidzo uye zvinogona kuvhiyiwa kugadziriswa panguva iyoyo.

Chirwere chemoyo chevanhu vakuru chinowanzotora imwe yemhando mbiri: chirema chisingaonekwi pakutanga kwehupenyu chinoperekedza zviratidzo gare gare, kana chirema chakaomarara chinogadziriswa muhuduku chinoda kumwe kugadziriswa kana kurapwa kutsva mukukura. Nekuda kwekugadziriswa kwekuremara kwemoyo kwekuzvarwa kunogona kukonzera matambudziko gare gare, varwere vane hurema hwakagadziridzwa muhuduku vanoda kugara vachiteedzana kutarisirwa kwemoyo muhupenyu hwavo hwese. Dzimwe nguva munhu mukuru achava nezviratidzo zvekuremara kwakaoma kwekutanga semunhu mukuru.

Marudzi akajairika ekureruka akaremara moyo akaremara anoonekwa muvakuru ndeaya:

Era defects ("maburi mumoyo")

A septal defect inogona kuitika pakati pe ventricles (pumping chambers) mumoyo, inonzi ventricular septal defect, kana pakati peatria (kuzadza makamuri), inonzi atrial septal defect. Nemhando ipi zvayo, ropa rine mweya weokisijeni rinobva mumapapu rinosanganiswa neropa rine deoxygenated rinodzoka kubva mumuviri. Dambudziko rakakomba rekuremara kweseptal rinoonekwa apo kutungamira kwekusanganiswa kweropa kunokonzera kuti ropa rinobva pamwoyo rive neokisijeni shoma pane yakajairika (shunt, kana 'septal perforation', kubva kurudyi kuenda kuruboshwe).

Iyo shunt, ingave kuruboshwe-kurudyi kana kurudyi-kuruboshwe, inoita kuti mwoyo ushande nesimba kugovera huwandu hwakafanana hweokisijeni kumuviri.

Kukanganisa kwevhavha

Ivhavha iri mumoyo inogona kutadza kuvhura zvachose kana kutadza kuvhara zvachose nekuda kwekuremara, kana kuti inogona kunge isina kujeka. Hurema uhu hunomanikidza moyo kuti ushande nesimba kufambisa huwandu hweropa nemoyo kuitira kuti ugone kuita zvinodiwa nemuviri.

nhete dzeropa

Mitsipa yeropa yakatetepa zvakanyanya pane imwe nguva inoita kuti mwoyo ushande nesimba kupomba ropa rakajairika. Mitsipa yeropa inogona kubatanidzwa zvisiri izvo, kutumira ropa re deoxygenated kumuviri kana ropa rakatove neokisijeni kumapapu.

Vanhu vane congenital heart defect vane ngozi yakawanda yemamwe matambudziko emwoyo, kusanganisira sitiroko, pulmonary hypertension, heart failure, uye arrhythmia.