Vakadzi vakachinja nhoroondo vakatadzirwa nemabhuku

Pasinei nebasa ravo rinokosha revanhu, vakadzi vaviri ava vane chimiro chakaderera kana vachienzaniswa nedzimwe nyanzvi.

Scientist Grace Eldring's photo

Munguva yemakore makumi matatu ezana remakore rapfuura, iro rakapindirana nenguva yaKendrick naEldring vachiita tsvakurudzo yavo, chikosoro chinomiririra dambudziko rechokwadi kuvanhu, muUnited States of America, chirwere ichi chinouraya gore negore vanhu vanopfuura 6000, 95% yavo. vana, vanopfuura dzimwe hosha dzakawanda dzakadai setibhii, diphtheria uye scarlet fever kubva uko nhamba yevakafa. Kana achinge abatwa nechikosoro, murwere anoratidza zvimwe zviratidzo zvedzihwa uye tembiricha yake inokwira zvishoma, uye anotamburawo nechikosoro chakaoma icho chinowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma mukurwadza, kuchiteverwa nemhungu yakareba yakafanana nekurira kwejongwe.

Pamusoro pezvose izvo, murwere anotambura nekuneta kwakanyanya uye kupera simba izvo zvinogona kutungamirira mukubuda kwemamwe matambudziko ane ngozi zvakanyanya kuhupenyu hwake.

Kubva 1914, vatsvakurudzi vakaedza kurwisa chikosoro nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana, asi kuedza kwavo kwakakundikana, sezvo jekiseni rakaiswa pamusika rakanga risina basa nekuda kwekusakwanisa kwevesainzi kuona maitiro ebhakitiriya anokonzera.

Mufananidzo wachiremba wekuScotland James Lind

Mukutanga kwemakore makumi matatu, masayendisiti Pearl Kendrick naGrace Eldring vakazvitora kuti vapedze kutambura kwevana vane pertussis. Muhuduku hwavo, Kendrick naEldring vose vakabatwa nechikosoro chemvura ndokupora, uye vose vakashanda kwenguva pfupi mundima yedzidzo uye vakanzwa vachida kuona kutambura kwevana vane chirwere ichi.

Pearl Kendrick naChris Eldring vakagara muGrand Rapids, Michigan. Mugore ra1932, nharaunda iyi yakaona kuwedzera kukuru kwezviitiko zvechirwere chepertussis. Mazuva ese, masayendisiti maviri aya, aishanda mune imwe yemarabhoritari emuno eDhipatimendi rehutano reMichigan, aifamba pakati pedzimba dzevanhu vane chirwere ichi kuti vawane sampuli dzehutachiona hunokonzera chikosoro nekuunganidza madonhwe kubva mukukosora kwevana vanorwara. .

Mufananidzo weSainzi Lonnie Gordon

Kendrick naEldring vakashanda zuva nezuva kwemaawa akareba uye tsvakiridzo yavo yakabatana nenguva yakaoma munhoroondo yeUnited States of America, apo nyika yakatambura nekukanganiswa kweGreat Depression, iyo yakaganhurira bhajeti rakapihwa kutsvagurudzo yesainzi. Nechikonzero ichi, masayendisiti maviri aya aive nebhajeti shoma yaisavapa mvumo yekuwana mbeva dzemu lab.

Mufananidzo wachiremba weAmerica, Jonas Salk

Kuti vapedze dambudziko rekushomeka uku, Kendrick naEldring vakaedza kukwezva vaongorori, vanachiremba nana mukoti kuti vavabatsire murabhoritari iyi, vanhu venzvimbo iyi vakabuda vakawanda vakakokwa kuti vauye kuzotora vana vavo. kuedza mushonga mutsva wekudzivirira chikosoro. Kendrick naEldring vakatorawo mukana wekushanya kwemudzimai wekutanga wekuUnited States of America, Eleanor Roosevelt (Eleanor Roosevelt) kuGrand Rapids, uye vakamutumira tsamba yekuti ashanyire marabhoritari nekutevera tsvakiridzo. , Eleanor Roosevelt akapindira kuti ape rubatsiro rwemari yepurojekiti yekudzivirira chirwere chepertussis.

Mufananidzo waAlexander Fleming, muvambi wepenicillin

Mufananidzo weMukadzi wekutanga weUnited States of America, Eleanor Roosevelt

Muna 1934, nzvero yaKendrick naEldring yakawana miuyo inoshamisa mu<em>Grand Rapids. Mumakore matatu akatevera, ongororo dzakasimbisa kushanda kwejekiseni idzva iri pakurwisa chikosoro, sezvo nzira yekubaya nayo boka revana 1592 yakaratidza kudzikira kwechirwere ichi nezvikamu makumi mapfumbamwe kubva muzana.

Kendrick naEldring vakaenderera mberi netsvakiridzo yavo yejekiseni iri mumakore makumi mana uye vakapa masayendisiti mazhinji ane mukurumbira kuti avabatsire, uye Loney Gordon aive mumwe wemasainzi aya, sezvo vekupedzisira vakabatsira mukuvandudzwa kwejekiseni iri uye vakabatsira zvikuru mukubuda kwejekiseni reDPT katatu. kurwisa diphtheria uye kukosora Whooping uye tetanus