Izigulana zoxinzelelo lwasemva koxinzelelo

Izigulana zoxinzelelo lwasemva koxinzelelo

Iqela labaphandi kwiYunivesithi yaseSouth California bakwazi ukwenza umfanekiso wengqondo ye-zebrafish ephilayo ukubonisa indlela ubuchopho buqhuba ngayo kwaye bugcina iinkumbulo kwisifundo esiqhekezayo esinokunika ithemba lonyango olutsha lwe-post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Ngoncedo lwe-microscope eyilwe ngokukodwa, abaphandi bakwazi ukurekhoda indlela iiseli zengqondo zentlanzi - ezicacileyo ebusheni babo - zikhanyise ngezigidi zemibala kunye nezibane ngexesha lovavanyo.

imephu yokutshintsha kwengqondo

Uphononongo, olwenze utshintsho kwingqondo, lukhokelela ekufumaneni okumangalisayo ukuba inkqubo yokwenza iinkumbulo ibonakala yenziwa ngokudala ii-synapses ezintsha, okanye ukudibanisa phakathi kwe-neurons, okanye ukubenza banyamalale ngokupheleleyo, ngokuchasene noko inkolelo eyamkelekileyo iya kuthetha. Ukuthetha ngokubanzi, ukufunda kunye neenkumbulo zomeleza unxibelelwano, okanye i-synapses, phakathi kwemithambo-luvo.

Uphononongo lusebenzise i-zebrafish kuba ubuchopho babo bufana nobuchopho bomntu, zombini ngokwemfuza kunye neselfowuni, kwaye iintlanzi ezincinci ziyabonakala - zivumela ukujonga ngaphandle kokwenza naluphi na utshintsho kubuchopho babo obuphilayo.

"Kwiminyaka eyi-XNUMX edlulileyo, ubulumko obuqhelekileyo kukuba ufunda ngokuguqula amandla e-synapses, kodwa oko kufunyenwe kuchasene," umphandi uKarl Kelsman uthe kwi-press release.

Utshintsho olukhulu

Ngoxa umphengululi ophambili uNjingalwazi uDon Arnold, unjingalwazi weYunivesithi yaseMazantsi eKhalifoniya, wongezelela esithi: “Owona mphumo ubalaseleyo wafunyanwa, ngenxa yokuba siye sabona olu tshintsho lumangalisayo kwinani lee-synapses—ezinye zisithela, ezinye zibumbeka, yaye [ezivelayo] kwindawo eyahluke kakhulu yengqondo.” . [Inkolelo eqhelekileyo] yayikukuba ii<em>synapses ziwaguqula amandla azo. Kodwa into eyothusayo yayikukubona isenzeko sokutyhala nokutsalwa, yaye akuzange kubekho tshintsho kumandla e-synapses.”

Ngokuvumela izazinzulu ukuba zilandele kwaye zibize utshintsho kunxibelelwano phakathi kwe-neuron, uvavanyo lunokunceda ukubonisa indlela iinkumbulo ezenziwe ngayo kwingqondo yomntu kwaye kutheni iintlobo ezithile zeenkumbulo zomelele kunezinye, kwinto abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba inokunika impumelelo kunyango olutsha lwe-PTSD. I-PTSD ebuhlungu kunye ne-Neurodeergenerative Diseases.

Kwi-amygdala, hayi ihippocampus

Kuyavela ukuba iinkumbulo ezingalunganga zibonakala zenzelwa kwindawo eyahlukileyo yengqondo kunezinye iinkumbulo ezininzi kwi-amygdala, enoxanduva lokuphendula ngokweemvakalelo njengokulwa okanye ukubhabha.

UNjingalwazi Arnold wacacisa: “Ukwenziwa kwenkumbulo kwakucingelwa ukuba ngokuyintloko kubandakanya ukulungiswa ngokutsha kwemixokelelwane ekhoyo ye<em>synaptic ngoxa kolu hlolisiso, siye safumanisa ukuba ii<em>synapses ziyayilwa zize zishenxiswe, ngoxa kwabonwa kuphela utshintsho oluncinane, olungenamkhethe kumandla e<em>synaptic [uthungelwano lwemithambo-luvo]. ekhoyo.”

Oku kunokubangelwa kukugqalisela kolu phononongo kwiinkumbulo ezidibanisayo, ezinamandla ngakumbi kunezinye iinkumbulo, kwaye zenziwe kwindawo eyahlukileyo engqondweni, [ngokukodwa] kwi-amygdala, xa kuthelekiswa nehippocampus kwezinye iinkumbulo ezininzi. Kwaye [oku kufunyaniswayo] ngenye imini kunonxibelelwano kwi-PTSD, ekucingelwa ukuba yenzeke ngokusekwa kweenkumbulo ezihlangeneyo.

Imikroskopu eqaqambileyo

Ukusebenzisa i-microscope entsha ephezulu, eyakhiwe kwiYunivesithi yaseSouth California, abaphandi bakwazi iminyaka emithandathu ukufunda ubuchopho beentlanzi baze bathelekise i-synapses kunye neenguqu ze-synaptic ze-neurons, ezikhokelela "kwimpumelelo kwinkalo ye-neuroscience."
U-Co-author uNjingalwazi uScott Fraser wongezelela ukuba "i-microscope [esetyenziswe kwisifundo] yenzelwe ukucombulula umngeni wokucinga kunye nokukhupha ulwazi olufuna ukufikelela kwizazinzulu."

ILaser, iFluorescent, kunye neAlgorithms

UFraser, uArnold kunye noKiselman baqeqeshe i-zebrafish ukuba inxulumanise ubushushu bokukhanya kwelaser ye-infrared eveliswe entloko ngemvakalelo engathandekiyo. Intlanzi, iDNA yayo itshintshiwe ukuze i-synapses yahlulwe ngeprotein ekhanyayo ekhanyayo xa ikhanyiselwa yimiqadi yelaser, izama ukunqanda i-laser ngokuqubha kude, kunye neentlanzi ezikhumbula umbutho ziguqula imisila yazo xa ukukhanya kulayitiwe. ngaphandle kwelaser.

Kwiiyure ezintlanu emva kokuvezwa kwe-laser yokuqala, abaphandi balinganise utshintsho olukhulu kwiintlanzi zengqondo ye-neuron synapses kunye nomsebenzi we-neuronal. Iziphumo zahlaziywa ngoncedo lwe-algorithms emitsha ephuhliswe ukubeka iliso kwiipateni eziguqukayo ezidibeneyo.

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