Ngaba inzululwazi iya kulufumana unyango lwe-autism?

Ngaba inzululwazi iya kulufumana unyango lwe-autism?

Uphononongo olutsha lufumanise ukuba iimpuku zithwala iibhaktheriya ezininzi emathunjini azo, kwaye le bhaktiriya yamathumbu ichaphazela indlela osebenza ngayo ubuchopho beempuku.

Ngokutsho kwento epapashwe yi "Live Science", ecaphula iphephancwadi elithi "Nature", abaphandi baseTaiwan nase-United States bafuna ukufumanisa ukuba iintsholongwane ze-gut zichaphazela njani umsebenzi wenethiwekhi ze-neuronal ezijongene nokuqulunqwa kokuziphatha kwentlalo ngokukodwa.

Kuyaziwa ukuba impuku xa idibene nempuku engazange idibane nayo ngaphambili, iyakunukisana iindevu zikhwelane phezu kwenye njengesiqhelo izinja ezimbini, kwiipaki zikawonke-wonke umzekelo, xa zibulisana. . Kodwa iimpuku zelebhu, ezingenazo iintsholongwane kwaye zinqongophele iintsholongwane zamathumbu, zibonakaliswe ukuba zilunqanda ngokusebenzayo unxibelelwano lwentlalo kunye nezinye iimpuku kwaye endaweni yoko zihlala zikude ngendlela engaqhelekanga.

Ukubekwa wedwa koluntu

“Ukwahlulwa kuluntu kwiimpuku ezingenazintsholongwane akuyonto intsha,” utshilo umbhali okhokelayo kuphando u-Wei Li Wu, unjingalwazi oncedisayo kwiYunivesithi yeSizwe yaseCheng Kung eTaiwan kunye nomntu otyeleleyo eCaltech. Kodwa yena kunye neqela lakhe lophando bafuna ukuqonda ukuba yintoni eqhuba le ndlela yokuziphatha ingazinzanga, kwaye ingaba iintsholongwane zamathumbu zichaphazela ngokwenene ii-neuron kwingqondo yeempuku kwaye zinciphise umnqweno weempuku wokunxulumana.

UWu uxelele iLive Science ukuba okokuqala esiva ukuba ibhaktheriya inokuchaphazela ukuziphatha kwezilwanyana, wacinga, "Kuvakala kuyamangalisa kodwa akukholeleki kancinci," ngoko yena noogxa bakhe baqalisa ukuzama iimpuku. ukuziphatha okungaqhelekanga kwentlalo, kwaye uqonde ukuba kutheni ukuziphatha okunjalo okungaqhelekanga kuvela.

Abaphandi bathelekisa umsebenzi wobuchopho kunye nokuziphatha kweempuku eziqhelekileyo kunye namanye amaqela amabini: iimpuku ezikhuliswe kwindawo engcolileyo ukuba zingabi nantsholongwane, kwaye iigundane ziphathwe ngendibaniselwano eyomeleleyo yamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane aphelelwe yintsholongwane yamathumbu. Uvavanyo lwalusekwe kuluvo lokuba xa iimpuku ezingenazo iintsholongwane zingena kwindawo engakhuselekanga, ziyakuqala ukuchola ibhetshi yebhaktiriya ngoko nangoko ngexesha elinye kuphela; Yiyo loo nto, iimpuku zinyangwa ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane zahlukene kakhulu kwaye zinokusetyenziswa kuvavanyo oluninzi.

Iqela labeka iimpuku ezingenazo iintsholongwane ezinyangwe ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kwiikheji ezineempuku ezingaziwayo ukuze zibeke iliso kwintsebenziswano yazo yentlalo. Njengoko bekulindelekile, omabini amaqela eempuku akunqanda ukusebenzisana nabantu abangabaziyo. Emva kolu vavanyo lokuziphatha, iqela lenze imifuniselo emininzi ukufumanisa ukuba kuqhubeka ntoni na kwingqondo yezilwanyana enokuba sisizathu solu tshintsho lungaqhelekanga lwentlalo.

Uvavanyo lubandakanya uphando kwi-c-Fos, ijini esebenza kwiiseli zengqondo ezisebenzayo. Xa kuthelekiswa neempuku eziqhelekileyo, iimpuku ezosulelwe yibhaktheriya ephelelweyo zibonise ukonyuka komsebenzi wemfuza ye-c-Fos kwimimandla yobuchopho ebandakanyeka kwiimpendulo zoxinzelelo, kubandakanya i-hypothalamus, i-amygdala kunye ne-hippocampus.

Oku kunyuka komsebenzi wengqondo kuhambelana nokunyuka kwe-hormone yoxinzelelo i-corticosterone kwiigundane ezingenazo iintsholongwane eziphathwa ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, ngelixa ukunyuka okufanayo akuzange kwenzeke kwiigundane ezineentsholongwane eziqhelekileyo. "Emva kwentsebenziswano yentlalontle, kwimizuzu nje emihlanu, iihomoni zoxinzelelo eziphezulu kakhulu zinokubonwa," utshilo umphandi uWu.

Uvavanyo lukwabandakanya ukuguqula i-neurons kwingqondo yeempuku kunye nokucima ngokuthanda ukusebenzisa ichiza elithile, kwaye abaphandi baqaphele ukuba ukucima i-neurons kwiimpuku ezinyangwa ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kukhokelela kunxibelelwano oluphuculweyo lwentlalo kubantu abangabaziyo, ngelixa ujika ezi seli kwiimpuku eziqhelekileyo. kubangele imeko yokuphepha.unxibelelwano loluntu ngequbuliso.

U-Diego Bohorquez, unjingalwazi kwiYunivesithi yaseDuke yeSikole sezoNyango ogxile kwi-neuroscience kwaye ufunda uxhulumaniso lwe-gut-brain, owayengabandakanyekanga kwisifundo, uthe ukrokrela ukuba iqela leentsholongwane lisebenza kunye ukulungelelanisa ukuveliswa kwehomoni yoxinzelelo. Uvavanyo ke ngoko lunokuthi luthathelwe ingqalelo ukwenza imeko eyomeleleyo yokuba i-microbes yamathumbu yeempuku eziqhelekileyo zinceda ukubandakanyeka ekuziphatheni kwezentlalo, ngelixa iimpuku ezingenazo iintsholongwane zijongana nokuveliswa kwehomoni yoxinzelelo kwaye ngaloo ndlela ziwagatya amathuba azo okunxibelelana nabanye iimpuku.

"Umbuzo ovela ngamandla yindlela yokusebenzisa i-gut microbiome 'ukuthetha' nengqondo, kwaye ngaloo ndlela uncede ukulawula ukuziphatha ukusuka ekujuleni kwamathumbu," kusho uBohorquez.

iingxaki neuropsychiatric

Olu hlobo lophando lunokuthi ngenye imini luncede izazinzulu zinyange abantu abanengxaki ye-neuropsychiatric, njengoxinzelelo kunye ne-autism spectrum disorder, wongeza u-Bohorquez, ecinga ukuba ezinye zezinto eziqwalaselweyo kwizilwanyana ziyasebenza ebantwini.

unyango lwe-autism

Uphando lwangaphambili lucebisa ukuba uxinzelelo, ixhala, kunye ne-autism zihlala zisenzeka kunye nokuphazamiseka kwesisu, okufana nokuqhinwa kunye norhudo, kunye nokuphazamiseka kwi-gut microbiome. Kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo, uBohorques uthe, izazinzulu beziphanda olu nxibelelwano phakathi kwamathumbu kunye nengqondo ngethemba lokuphuhlisa iindlela zonyango ezintsha zokuphazamiseka okunjalo.

Wongeze ukuba iziphumo zolu phononongo zinokuqhubela phambili uphando kuphuhliso lonyango lwe-autism oluxhomekeke kwi-gut microbiome, kodwa ngokubanzi, baqaqambisa "inkcukacha ezithe kratya malunga nokuba ezi ntsholongwane ziyichaphazela njani indlela yokuziphatha kwentlalo."

Eminye imixholo: 

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