People with this disorder may have the following symptoms:

• Relive the tragic event through urgent and recurring memories.
• A strong feeling that the traumatic event has come back (also called flashback).
• Nightmares in which the patient sees the event he went through.
• Feeling very distressed when remembering the event.
• Physical symptoms caused by anxiety such as nervousness, fear for any reason, insomnia and inability to focus.
• Experiencing persistent negative feelings about the accident, such as guilt, shame, fear and anger.
• Avoid things that remind him of the traumatic event.
• Loss of the ability to remember all or part of an event.
• The patient's interest in things that were previously important to him gradually decreased.
• Feeling hopeless about the future.

It should be noted that these symptoms may indicate post-traumatic stress disorder if it lasts more than a month and affects the individual's social or work life or relationships. Most symptoms of this disorder appear during the three months following the traumatic event, but they may appear late, that is, several years after the event. This disorder does not necessarily affect everyone who experiences a tragic or traumatic event.​

It is still unknown why some people develop this disorder and not others. In the United States of America, for example, about 7-8 percent of the general population will develop this disorder at some point in their lives. But researchers have identified certain risk factors that increase the likelihood of developing this disorder, which are:

• Facing a traumatic event caused by others, such as rape or assault.
• Exposure to frequent or long-term traumatic events.
• Pre-existing psychological problems, especially anxiety.
• Lack of adequate support from family members and friends after exposure to trauma.

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