E pili ana i ka maʻi huna .. maningitis a me kona ʻano, nā hōʻailona

ʻO ka maʻi maʻi he maʻi ʻeha e hoʻopilikia ai i nā mucous membrane e hoʻopuni ana i ka lolo a me ke kuamoʻo, ma muli o ka maʻi bacteria a i ʻole ka maʻi viral.

ʻO ka maʻi maʻi bacteria:

Prognosis: Loaʻa ka manawa kūpono o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana me ka ʻole o ka pōʻino koʻikoʻi, a ʻo ka nui o ka hoʻihoʻi piha ʻana, e like me ka noiʻi olakino, ua manaʻo ʻia ma 90%, inā e mālama ʻia ka mālama ʻana i ka wā mua. ʻO nā kumu e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka manawa o ka hoʻōla ʻana, ʻo ia ka maʻi maʻi o ka mea maʻi, ka lohi i ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka mālama ʻana, a i ʻole kahi germ o kahi maʻi ʻoi aʻe ma mua o ka maʻamau.

Aseptic maningitis:

ʻAʻole i kūleʻa ka poʻe noiʻi i ka ʻike ʻana i ke kumu o kēia ʻano ʻāʻī, i kā lākou hoʻāʻo ʻana e hoʻāla iā ia ma ka moʻomeheu, ma hope o ka lawe ʻana i kahi laʻana o nā wai kino - mai ʻaneʻi, ua hoʻoulu ʻia ka inoa (akā aia nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe e kōkua i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke kumu. o ka mumū).

ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ʻo ke kumu he maʻi maʻi viral (ma kēia hihia, ʻo ka maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi), akā i nā helu liʻiliʻi, ua kamaʻilio ʻia kekahi kumu o ka maʻi, e like me nā parasites.

ʻO ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi (ʻo ka ʻā ʻana o nā membrane i hoʻokumu ʻia e kahi maʻi):

ʻO nā maʻi maʻi i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia no ka maningitis he enterovirus. ʻO nā kumu maʻamau ʻē aʻe he arbovirus, oral herpes simplex type 2 a me human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). ʻO nā maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā enterovirus a me nā maʻi arthropod he kau, a piʻi nui ko lākou laha i ke kauwela.

Prognosis: He palupalu ke ala o ka maʻi, ua emi ke kuni a me ke poʻo i loko o hoʻokahi pule, a koe naʻe kekahi mau maʻi kakaʻikahi, ua pau ka hoʻōla ʻana i ka hapa nui o nā hihia.

Nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi maʻi

Nā hōʻailona o ka maningitis ʻO ka hōʻailona maʻamau i ka nānā ʻana he paʻakikī ke neʻe ʻana i ka ʻāʻī
(ʻO ka huaʻōlelo "hōʻailona maningeal" ʻo ia ka mea i manaʻo a wehewehe ʻia e ka mea maʻi, aʻo ka huaʻōlelo "hōʻailona" ʻo ia nā mea a ke kauka i ʻike ai i ka wā o ka hoʻokolokolo.) Nā hōʻailona o ka maningitis e ʻike ʻia: ke poʻo, photophobia; Hōʻike ʻia kēia mau hōʻailona: ʻO ke kuni, ʻoʻoleʻa i ka wā e hoʻoneʻe ai i ka ʻāʻī ma ka mokulele anterior-posterior (ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēia hōʻailona i nā keiki a me nā ʻelemakule).

ʻO nā hōʻailona hou aʻe o ka maʻi: Hoʻololi i ke degere o ka ʻike, nausea a me ka luaʻi, hopu (seizure), cranial neuropathy, a ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona hou aʻe i nā pēpē a me nā keiki: Ka huhū nui, ka hoʻomaha a me ka haunaele i ka ʻai ʻana.

Nā hōʻailona a me nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi maʻi aseptic: ʻO nā hōʻailona maʻamau ʻo ke poʻo, nausea, nāwaliwali ākea, a ʻo ka hōʻailona maʻamau i ka nānā ʻana ʻo ka paʻakikī o ka neʻe ʻana i ka ʻāʻī. ʻAʻole ʻaiʻē pinepine ʻia ke kiʻi maʻi ma mua o ke kiʻi ʻokoʻa o ka maʻi maʻi bacterial.

Nā kumu a me nā kumu pilikia no ka maningitis

ʻO ka maʻi anti-inflammatory maʻamau ka pneumococci - ke kuleana no ka hapalua o nā hihia, a ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ke kumu o ka hapa nui o ka make), meningococci - i kekahi manawa e ʻike ʻia me kahi ʻūhā ākea, aia nā kiko poni koʻikoʻi), a ( Hemofilus - ke emi mau nei ka nui o ka ma'i o keia ma'i ma'i mai ka wā i 'ae 'ia ai ka lā'au lapa'au, a ua paipai 'ia no nā keiki). ʻO nā maʻi me kēia mau germs ʻekolu he 80% o nā hihia āpau o nā maʻi bacterial.

ʻO ka poʻe i pilikia loa i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi, ʻo ia ka hui o ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka maʻi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka maʻi ʻeleʻele, e like me ka maʻi pepeiao o loko, sinusitis ma ka maka (Sinusitis), pneumonia a me endocarditis;
ʻO nā kumu pilikia ʻē aʻe e pili ana: cirrhosis, ka waiʻona, nā maʻi maʻi koko maʻi, ka hoʻopilikia ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana pale, a me kahi ʻeha poʻo i kumu i ka leakage o ka wai cerebrospinal kokoke i ka manawa o ka maʻi.
ʻO nā maʻi maʻi liʻiliʻi loa ʻo Streptococcus B. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i loaʻa i kēia maʻi bacteria he mau keiki ma lalo o hoʻokahi mahina, ʻo Listeria, ka mea e hoʻoulu ai i ka maʻi i waena o nā keiki hānau hou a me nā poʻe ʻelemakule, ʻo Staphylococcus, i hoʻokumu i ka maʻi i waena o nā poʻe me nā ʻeha komo i ke poʻo a i waena paha o ka poʻe i loaʻa i kahi maʻi. hana lapaʻau invasive no ke poʻo.

lapaʻau maningitis

Hoʻopili koke ʻia ka mālama ʻana i ka maningitis mua me nā lāʻau ʻokoʻa, no ke ʻano weliweli o ka maʻi, pinepine ma hope koke o ka puncture lumbar (ma hope o ka puncture ma mua o ka pale ʻana i ka masking, no ka mea, ke hoʻololi koke nei ka lāʻau i nā waiwai wai cerebrospinal. a laila paʻakikī ke hoʻoholo pololei i ka maʻi a me ka pathogen) a ma mua o ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka ʻike o ka pathogen. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana ʻia no ka mālama ʻana he ceftriaxone, ka mea i hāʻawi ʻia e ka infusion intravenous, i ka nui o 4 grams i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻO kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau ka cefotaxime e ka infusion intravenous o 12 grams i kēlā me kēia lā.

No nā keiki a me ka poʻe ʻelemakule, hoʻohui pinepine ʻia ka penicillin e ka infusion intravenous, ma ka nui o 12 grams i kēlā me kēia lā. Hoʻohui ʻia ʻo Vancomycin ma kahi ʻano o 2 grams i kēlā me kēia lā, i nā hihia o ka mumū ma hope o kahi hōʻeha poʻo a i ʻole ma hope o nā kaʻina hana lapaʻau invasive ma ke poʻo.

I kēia mau lā, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana o kahi corticosteroid o ke ʻano Dexamethasone e hoʻemi ana i ka nui o ka make a me ka pilikia o ke kīnā mau loa, ma waena o nā pākeke me ka emphysema o ka ʻiʻo lolo, me ke kiʻekiʻe intracranial pressure, a me kahi kaʻina hana maʻi huhū. (ʻO ka mālama ʻana me ka corticosteroid-type dexamethasone ka mea maʻamau i nā keiki, a hiki i ka wā i hala aku nei, a ua ʻike ʻia he mea nui i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka nui o ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana, ʻo ia hoʻi, dehydration i nā maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e Haemophilus influenzae. ua ʻae ʻia no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pākeke kekahi). ʻO ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka pathogen a me ka helu ʻana i kona naʻau i nā lāʻau like ʻole e hiki ai ke hoʻomau i ka mālama ʻana me ka lāʻau maikaʻi loa.

Lapaʻau ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi aseptic: Kākoʻo pinepine ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau (e like me ka mālama ʻana me nā mea hōʻeha ʻeha a me nā wai i loko o ke koko) a kūpono i nā hōʻailona o ka mea maʻi.