Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa katemera wa corona ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito kwa aliyense wa iwo?

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa katemera wa corona ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito kwa aliyense wa iwo?

1- Katemera waku Russian Aesthetic Institute

Katemerayu amatchedwa "Sputnik V", ndipo adapangidwa ndi Aesthetic Institute ku Moscow. Katemera waku Russia amachokera ku ma vector a adenovirus, ndipo ma adenovirus aanthu ali m'gulu losavuta komanso losavuta pakusintha, chifukwa chake kufalikira kwawo ngati ma vector akukulirakulira.

"Ma Vector" ndi zonyamulira zomwe zimatha kutumiza ma genetic kuchokera ku kachilomboka kupita ku selo. Ma jini a adenovirus omwe amayambitsa matenda amachotsedwa, pomwe jini yomwe imakhala ndi code yomwe "imayika" puloteni yochokera ku virus ina, komanso pakalipano kachilombo ka corona komwe kakubwera, komwe dzina lake lasayansi ndi "SARS Cove 2" - walowa.

Chowonjezera chatsopanochi chimathandizira chitetezo chamthupi kuyankha ndikupanga ma antibodies omwe amawateteza ku matenda.

2- Katemera wa AstraZeneca-Oxford

Katemerayu adapangidwa ndi labotale yaku Britain ya AstraZeneca ndi Oxford University "AstraZeneca-Oxford", ndipo ukadaulo womwe umagwiritsa ntchito ndi "viral vector", momwe kachilombo kena kocheperako kamene kamagwiritsidwa ntchito, komwe kamasinthidwa kuti kawonjezedwe ku gawo la Corona. Kachilombo kamene kamasinthidwa kakasamutsidwa kuma cell a anthuwo, omwenso amapanga puloteni yodziwika bwino ya "SARS-CoV-2", yomwe ingalimbikitse chitetezo chawo kuti chizindikire.

Katemera wa Oxford-AstraZeneca amagwiritsa ntchito adenoviruses ngati ma virus, muukadaulo wofanana ndi katemera waku Russia.

3- Pfizer-Biontech Vaccine

Yopangidwa ndi kampani yaku America ya Pfizer ndi mnzake waku Germany BioNTech, imagwira ntchito paukadaulo wa messenger RNA, kapena mRNA, molekyulu yomwe imauza maselo athu choti apange.

Katemerayu amabayidwa m'thupi, ndipo amalowetsa molekyu yomwe imayendetsa njira yopangira antigen inayake ku "spike" ya Corona virus, yomwe ndi nsonga yapadera kwambiri yomwe ili pamwamba pake ndikuilola kumamatira ku maselo aumunthu. kwa kulowa. Kuthamanga kumeneku kudzazindikirika ndi chitetezo chamthupi, chomwe chidzatulutsa ma antibodies, ndipo ma antibodies awa amakhalabe kwakanthawi.

4- Katemera wa Moderna

Katemerayu adapangidwa ndi kampani yaku America Moderna, ndipo katemera wa Moderna amagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa "messenger RNA" womwewo ngati katemera wa Pfizer-Biontech.

5- Katemera wa Kampani ya Novavax

Katemerayu adapangidwa ndi kampani yaku US Novavax. Zimatengera kuyika jini yosinthidwa mu virus yotchedwa bacterial virus (baculovirus), ndipo amalola kupatsira tizilombo, kenako mapuloteni a spike adasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera m'maselowa kukhala ma nanoparticles, omwe amawoneka ngati kachilombo ka Corona, koma sangathe kuberekana kapena kuchititsa COVID-19.

Ma nanoparticles awa amabayidwa m'thupi ndi katemera, komwe amayambitsa kupanga chitetezo chamthupi poyankha antibody. Ndipo ngati thupi likumana ndi kachilombo ka Corona mtsogolo, chitetezo chamthupi chimatha kuchichotsa.

6- Katemera wa Johnson & Johnson

Katemera, wopangidwa ndi kampani ya ku America "The Johnson & Johnson", amachokera ku adenovirus yosinthidwa - kachilombo koyambitsa matenda omwe amachititsa zizindikiro zozizira - zomwe zimapangidwira kusamutsa mbali za chibadwa kuchokera ku "spike" mapuloteni omwe alipo. mu Corona virus.

7- Katemera wa Kampani ya Sinopharma

Wopangidwa ndi kampani yaku China, Sinopharm, ndipo amadalira kachilombo koyambitsa "inert", kampani ya Sinopharm idapanga mogwirizana ndi Wuhan Institute of Virology ndi Institute of Biological Products, malinga ndi lipoti la Deutsche Welle.

Muukadaulo wa katemera wosagwiritsidwa ntchito, ma virus omwe akubwera amathandizidwa - mankhwala kapena kutentha - kuti ataya chiwopsezo, koma ndikuteteza kuthekera kwawo kopanga chitetezo chamthupi, ndipo iyi ndiye njira yachikhalidwe kwambiri ya katemera.

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