Yenza ingqondo yakho ibe ngumgqomo wokurisayikilisha ngale ndlela

Yenza ingqondo yakho ibe ngumgqomo wokurisayikilisha ngale ndlela

Abanye bathwaxwa kukungakwazi ukuphepha iinkumbulo ezibuhlungu okanye iingcinga ezimbi, njengokungakwazi ukukuphepha ukukhumbula iqabane lobomi emva kokwahlukana xa benqumla ikona yesitrato okanye ukuva intsholo yengoma enenkumbulo ethile, okanye umntu adibane nento engaqhelekanga; iingcinga ezingamkelekanga okanye ezingalunganga, umzekelo, umzekelo, ukuba nomfanekiso-ngqondweni ezisika umnwe ngelixa epheka okanye umntwana wakhe awe phantsi ngoxa ethwalwa ebhedini.

ISayensi ePhila yabuza umbuzo malunga nokuba kunokwenzeka na ukugcina iingcinga ezingafunwayo engqondweni? Impendulo emfutshane kunye nekhawulezayo nguewe ophephekayo. Kodwa ukuba kuyacetyiswa ukwenza oku kwixesha elide kunzima kakhulu.

iingcinga ezidlulayo

UJoshua Magee, isazi ngengqondo esiye senza uphando ngeengcinga ezingeyomfuneko nemifanekiso kwaye siphembelela ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, wathi iingcinga zabantu azijoliswanga kangako, kwaye azilawuleki, kunokuba abaninzi becinga. Kolunye uphononongo oludumileyo, olwapapashwa ngowe-1996 kwiphephancwadi iCognitive Interference: Theories, Methods, and Findings ngu-Eric Klinger, unjingalwazi ophumayo wezengqondo kwiYunivesithi yaseMinnesota, abathathi-nxaxheba balandelela zonke iingcinga zabo kwisithuba sosuku olunye. Ngokomndilili, abathathi-nxaxheba banike ingxelo engaphezulu kwe-4000 yeengcinga zomntu ngamnye, ebeziziingcinga ezidlulayo, nto leyo ethetha ukuba akukho nanye ethathe ngaphezu kwemizuzwana emihlanu, ngokomndilili.

iingcamango ezingaqhelekanga

“Izimvo zihlala zisihla kwaye zihamba, kwaye uninzi lwethu aluqapheli,” utshilo uMaggie. Kuphononongo lowe-1996, isithathu sezi ngcamango zabonakala ziphuma ngokupheleleyo. Yinto eqhelekileyo ukuba neengcinga eziphazamisayo, wongeza uMaggie. Kuphononongo olwenziwa nguKlinger noogxa bakhe ngowe-1987, abathathi-nxaxheba babona i-22% yeengcamango zabo njengento engaqhelekanga, engamkelekanga, okanye ephosakeleyo—ngokomzekelo, umntu unokucinga ngokusika umnwe wakhe ngoxa epheka okanye esiwa umntwana ngoxa emsa ebhedini.

Kwezinye iimeko, kuyavakala ukucinezela ezi ngcinga zingafunwayo. Ngokomzekelo, kwiimviwo okanye kudliwano-ndlebe lomsebenzi, ubani akafuni kuphazanyiswa yingcamango yokuba baya kufa. Kwinqwelomoya, mhlawumbi akafuni kucinga ngengozi yenqwelo-moya. UMaggie uthe kukho ubungqina bokuba kunokwenzeka ukuphelisa ezi ngcinga.

Kuphononongo luka-2022 olupapashwe kwi-PLOS Computational Biology, iziphumo zibonise ukuba abathathi-nxaxheba abangama-80 balandele uthotho lwezilayidi ezibonisa amagama ahlukeneyo. Igama ngalinye laphindwa kwizilayidi ezintlanu ezahlukeneyo. Ngelixa bebukele izilayidi, abathathi-nxaxheba babhala phantsi igama abalidibanisa negama ngalinye, umzekelo, igama elithi "indlela" libhalwe kunye negama elithi "imoto". Abaphandi bafuna ukulinganisa okwenzekayo xa umntu esiva ingoma yeemvakalelo kunomathotholo kwaye ezama ukucinga ngayo nantoni na ngaphandle kweqabane labo langaphambili.

Iziphumo zibonise ukuba xa abathathi-nxaxheba bebona igama ngalinye okwesibini, bathatha ixesha elide kuneqela lokulawula ukuza nombutho omtsha, "njengesakhelo" kunokuba "indlela," umzekelo, ebonisa ukuba impendulo yabo yokuqala yavela. ezingqondweni zabo ngaphambi kokuba ithathe indawo yayo. Iimpendulo zabo zifike kade kumagama abawalinganise ngokuthi "ahlobene kakhulu" negama eliphambili okokuqala ngqa. Kodwa abathathi-nxaxheba babekhawuleza rhoqo xa bejonga isilayidi esifanayo, bebonisa umbutho obuthathaka phakathi kwegama elingundoqo kunye nempendulo yabo yokuqala, ikhonkco elingisa ingcamango ababezama ukuyiphepha.

Abaphandi bathi akukho bungqina "bokuba umntu unokuphepha ngokupheleleyo iingcamango ezingafunwayo". Kodwa iziphumo zibonisa ukuba ukuziqhelanisa kunokunceda abantu baphucule ekuphepheni ingcinga ethile.

Umlilo osemva

Asinguye wonk’ ubani ovumayo ukuba umboniso wesilayidi wamagama angacwangciswanga uyindlela elungileyo yokuvuselela indlela abanye abazicinezela ngayo iingcinga ezizaliswe ziimvakalelo, yanikela ingxelo yeMedical News Today. Olunye uphando lubonisa ukuba ukuphepha iingcamango kunokuba yingozi. “Xa sicinezela umbono, sithumela ubuchopho bethu umyalezo,” utshilo uMaggie. Lo mzamo uchaza ingcinga njengento emele yoyike, kwaye "eneneni, sizenza zibe namandla ngakumbi ezi ngcinga ngokuzama ukuzilawula."

isiphumo sexesha elifutshane

Uhlalutyo lwe-meta lwezifundo ezingama-31 ezahlukeneyo zokucinezelwa kweengcinga, ezipapashwe kwi-Perspectives on Psychological Science ngo-2020, zifumanisa ukuba uxinzelelo lwengcinga luvelisa iziphumo zexesha elifutshane kunye nefuthe. Ngelixa abathathi-nxaxheba bethande ukuphumelela kwimisebenzi yokucinezela ingcinga, ingcinga ekhutshiweyo yangena ezintloko rhoqo emva kokuba umsebenzi uphelile.

Ekugqibeleni, iingcali zinoluvo lokuba kusenokuba sengqiqweni ukuthatha indlela ephaphileyo kwiingcamango ezingafunwayo uze ulindele nje ukuba zidlule kunokuba uzame ukuziphepha, kanye njengamawaka ezinye iingcamango ezizulazula entlokweni yomntu ngamnye. Usuku Ezi ngcinga kufuneka zibekho kuphela engqondweni, ngaphandle kokuzama ukucinezela kwaye uzilibale kakhulu, kuba bafumana indawo engakumbi kule meko.