Ukuvela komakhalekhukhwini. Besikuphi futhi sikuphi namuhla emhlabeni wezobuchwepheshe

Ochwepheshe bazogubha ngo-April ozayo isikhumbuzo seminyaka engamashumi amane nane kwasungulwa umakhalekhukhwini, isikhathi lapho ubuchwepheshe bezokuxhumana ngomakhalekhukhwini buye bathatha indlela eye yabona intuthuko emangalisayo, futhi isiphenduke imboni yomhlaba wonke enemali engenayo yonyaka engekho ngaphansi kwethriliyoni eyodwa. kanye namaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-250, futhi le ndlela iholele Ibhasi kulokho esikwazi namuhla njenge-Smart Phone.

Ngomhla zi-3 kuMbasa 1973, uMartin Cooper, othathwa njengomsunguli womakhalekhukhwini, futhi owayeyiPhini Likamongameli weMotorola eNew York, waba nengxoxo yokuqala emlandweni ocingweni lweMotorola Dynatake, futhi le ngxoxo yayibhekiswe koqhudelana naye, I-AT&T “AT&T”, efake phakathi kwebinzana elithi “Ngikufonela ukuze ubone ukuthi izwi lami lizwakala ngokucacile kuwe noma cha.”

Ubude bale foni ngaleso sikhathi babungamasentimitha angu-9, futhi iqukethe amabhodi esifunda se-elekthronikhi angu-30, futhi kuthatha amahora angu-10 ukushaja ibhethri yayo, bese isebenza isikhathi semizuzu engu-35, njengoba intengo yedivayisi eyodwa yayingama-dollar angu-4000.

Eminyakeni eyalandela ukusungulwa kweselula, nokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yayo, yaba ithuluzi elihlanganisa izindlela eziningi zokuxhumana nanoma ubani emhlabeni, njengezingcingo zezwi, iSMS, izinhlelo zezingxoxo zamahhala “Viber, WhatsApp, Twitter ..njll.” Namuhla, akwenzeki ukuhlangana noMuntu ongenawo okungenani umakhalekhukhwini, ikakhulukazi njengoba izibalo zeZizwe Ezihlangene zibonisa ukuthi inani lomakhalekhukhwini emhlabeni namuhla lingaba izigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-7.

Nazi izigaba zokuthuthuka komkhakha “weselula”:

Eminyakeni engu-70 edlule, umuntu owayefuna ukukhuluma ngomakhalekhukhwini kwakudingeka aphathe idivayisi enesisindo esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu angu-12, enesizotha, kodwa inqubo yokuxhumana ngokwayo yaphazanyiswa ngokushesha nje lapho eshiya indawo yokumboza isignali engenazintambo, futhi ngenxa izindleko eziphakeme zale ndlela, ukuxhumana ngomakhalekhukhwini kwahlala kuyingcina yosopolitiki nabaqondisi bezinkampani.

Umakhalekhukhwini wokuqala ongangephaketheni wethulwa emakethe ngo-1989, ucingo lwe-“Micro TAC” olwakhiqizwa ngabakwaMotorola, futhi kwaba ucingo lokuqala olunekhava olwalukwazi ukuvulwa luvalwe.Ngalolu cingo, izinkampani zaqala ukukhiqiza ezincane. kanye nomakhalekhukhwini onembe kakhudlwana.

Ehlobo lika-1992, inkathi yezokuxhumana kwedijithali yaqala, njengoba kwaba nokwenzeka ukushaya izingcingo zomhlaba wonke ngomakhalekhukhwini, ngesikhathi esifanayo lapho ukuthuthukiswa kwalezi zingcingo kwaqhubeka, kanye ne-Motorola International 3200, umakhalekhukhwini wokuqala owenziwe ngefoni. umthamo wokudlulisa idatha ongafika kumakhilobhithi angama-220 ngomzuzwana.

Insizakalo ye-SMS yethulwa ngo-1994, futhi ekuqaleni, le nsizakalo yayinikezelwe ukuthumela imilayezo mayelana namandla esignali engenantambo, noma yikuphi ukukhubazeka kwenethiwekhi kumakhasimende, kodwa le miyalezo, engadluli izinhlamvu ezingu-160 ngayinye, yaphenduka. ezinsizeni ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ngemva kocingo Okufanayo, futhi abantu abasha abaningi benze izinqamuleli ezikhethekile ukuze le miyalezo igcinwe.

Ekuqaleni kuka-1997, isidingo samaselula saqala ukwanda, ikakhulukazi amafoni anekhava ekwazi ukuvuleka futhi ivalwe, nalawo anekhava engakwazi ukudonsa.

Ifoni yakwaNokia 7110, eyakhiqizwa ngo-1999, kwaba umakhalekhukhwini wokuqala one-Wireless Application Protocol “WAP”, equkethe izicelo zokusebenzisa i-inthanethi ngomakhalekhukhwini, futhi nakuba lolu hlelo lokusebenza luwukuncishiswa kwe-inthanethi uhlobo lombhalo, kwakuyisinyathelo soguquko kumakhalekhukhwini, futhi lokhu kwalandela Ucingo Imishini efanayo ehlanganisa ucingo, ifeksi, kanye ne-pager.

Ukuthuthukiswa komakhalekhukhwini kuthuthuke ngokushesha okukhulu, futhi kungokwemvelo ukuthi umakhalekhukhwini uhlanganise isikrini sombala, futhi uqukethe isidlali samafayela omculo we-“MP3”, umsakazo, nesiqophi sevidiyo, futhi sibonga i-“WAP” kanye Ubuchwepheshe be-“GPRS”, abasebenzisi bangangena kwi-inthanethi ngendlela ecindezelwe, futhi balondoloze kumadivayisi abo.

Enye yezingcingo ezithandwa kakhulu kwakuyimodeli ye- "RAZR" ekhiqizwa yi-Motorola, equkethe ikhamera, futhi yethulwa emakethe ngo-2004. Ekuqaleni, idivayisi yathengiswa njengefoni "yemfashini", futhi amafoni ayizigidi ezingu-50 athengiswa. kusukela kuyo kuze kube maphakathi no-2006, kodwa ubuchwepheshe ukuthi Le foni ayizange iguquke, kodwa isimo sayo sangaphandle sasimangalisa, futhi ngocingo lwe-RAZR, omakhalekhukhwini bathola ubuso obusha.

Ngo-2007, i-iPhone, eyakhiqizwa umdondoshiya omkhulu i-“Apple”, nesikrini sayo sokuthinta, yaveza uguquko olusha emakethe yomakhalekhukhwini. ukusebenzisa, isixhumi esibonakalayo esikahle, futhi kamuva Le foni isiguqulelwe kubuchwepheshe obungenawaya be-2001G, obulokhu butholakala kusukela ngo-XNUMX.

Ubuchwepheshe bokuxhumana obungenantambo besizukulwane sesine, obubizwa nge-“LTE”, buzokwenza ukuthi omakhalekhukhwini kanye nabahlakaniphile basebenze kahle, futhi buzokwenza umsebenzisi akwazi ukulawula ikhaya, imoto nehhovisi futhi akuxhume nge-smart phone, ngisho nokuthuthukiswa kwamafoni ahlakaniphile akukapheli okwamanje, kusekhona ubuchwepheshe bokukhokha ngeselula, ngaphezu kwalokho Ilawulwa ukunyakaza kwamehlo, futhi lawa masu asacwaningwa futhi athuthukiswe.