Isifo samathambo sigcina nini ngokukhubazeka, futhi singaholela ekufeni?

I-Rheumatoid arthritis wukuvuvukala okungapheli okuvamise ukuphatha amalunga ezandla, izinyawo, amadolo, izinqulu namahlombe.Lesi sifo sithinta amalunga ahlanganiswe ne-synovial membrane.

Uma lesi simo siqhubeka isikhathi eside, singabangela ukulimala okungapheli kuma-tendon, ligaments kanye ne-cartilage, nokuguqulwa kwamathambo namalunga.

Azikho izimbangela zalesi sifo, kodwa kungase kube ufuzo, futhi kungase kuthinte indlela amasosha omzimba asebenza ngayo. Isibonelo, abantu abaphethe isakhi sofuzo se-HLA-DR maningi amathuba okuthi bangenwe yilesi sifo kunabanye abantu.

Izimpawu zesifo

I-Rheumatoid arthritis yisimo esiqhubekayo, esinezimpawu eziholela ekulimaleni okuhlangene unomphela okuba kubi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuholele ekwehleni kwezenhlalakahle nokusebenza. Phakathi kwezimpawu zomtholampilo ze-rheumatoid arthritis yilezi; Ukuqina kwamalunga, ngokuvamile ekuseni, ukuvuvukala kwamalunga okungase kuthinte noma yiliphi ilunga, kodwa ikakhulukazi amalunga amancane ezandla nezinyawo ngokulinganayo, ukukhathala, imfiva, ukuncipha kwesisindo nokucindezeleka. I-Rheumatoid arthritis ibuye ihlotshaniswe nezinye izimo ezimbi kakhulu, njengokulimala kwamalungu unomphela okungaholela ekungakwazini ukusebenza, kanye nengozi eyengeziwe yesifo se-coronary artery kanye nokutheleleka. Ukusabalala kwalesi sifo I-Rheumatoid arthritis ithinta cishe i-1% yabantu abadala emhlabeni jikelele.

Isibalo sabesifazane abaphethwe yilesi sifo siphindwe kabili kunabesilisa. Lesi sifo singenzeka kunoma iyiphi iminyaka, kodwa ngokuvamile sivela phakathi kweminyaka engamashumi amane namashumi ayisikhombisa.

Ukuhlonza lesi sifo, kufanele kwenziwe ukuhlolwa okuningana, njengoba kunzima ukukuxilonga ngokunembile, futhi izimpawu zaso zivela kuphela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukuxilongwa kuvame ukusekelwe ezinhlotsheni eziningi, okuhlanganisa uhlobo lwesifo samalunga esithintekile kanye nemiphumela ye-X-ray nokuhlolwa kwezithombe, okubonisa ukulimala kwamalunga kanye nezinga eliphezulu “le-antibody ebizwa ngokuthi i-rheumatoid factor in the blood” kanye ne-anti- Isici se-CCP. Umthelela wezomnotho we-RA unomthelela wezomnotho ezigulini zayo, njengoba amanani aphezulu ezindleko ezingaqondile ezenza zingakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yazo yansuku zonke. Ucwaningo olwenziwa eYurophu lubonisa ukuthi phakathi kwamaphesenti angu-20 kuya kwangu-30 eziguli ezinesifo samathambo azikwazi ukusebenza phakathi neminyaka emithathu yokuqala yokutheleleka. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa nokuthi amaphesenti angu-66 eziguli ze-rheumatoid arthritis alahlekelwa isilinganiso sezinsuku zokusebenza ezingama-39 unyaka ngamunye. E-Europe, izindleko eziqondile 'zokungakwazi ukusebenza' kanye nezindleko 'zokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha' ezingaqondile emphakathini zilinganiselwa ku-$21 isiguli ngasinye ngonyaka. Umphumela wokungakwazi komuntu ukusebenza nokuxhumana nomphakathi ungandisa ingozi yokudangala nokukhathazeka. Ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi Ukulimala okuhlangene kungase kwenzeke ngokushesha ezigabeni zokuqala ze-rheumatoid arthritis, futhi ukulimala kwamalunga kubonakala ku-70% wokuhlolwa kwe-X-ray ezigulini ezineminyaka yokuqala neyesibili yokutheleleka. I-MRI iphinde ibonise izinguquko ekwakhiweni kwamalunga uma kuqhathaniswa nalokho okwakuyizinyanga ezimbili ngemva kokuqala kwesifo. Ngenxa yokuthi ukulimala kwamalunga kungase kwenzeke ngokushesha ekuqaleni kwalesi sifo, kungase kube nesidingo esisheshayo sokuqala ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo ngemva kokuba kutholwe, futhi ngaphambi kokuba kuvele umonakalo omkhulu wamalunga, okuholela ekungakwazini ukululama ekubuyeleni esimweni sangaphambilini. isimo sokulimala. Ukwelashwa kwe-rheumatoid arthritis kuye kwaba noshintsho olukhulu phakathi neminyaka eyishumi edlule, njengoba ukwelashwa kuye kwasuka endleleni yokulondoloza okuhloswe ngayo ukulawula izimpawu zomtholampilo kuya endleleni ethuthuke kakhulu eklanyelwe ukunciphisa ukulimala nokukhubazeka okuhlangene.

Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelashwa kwe-rheumatoid arthritis ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo, noma lokho okwaziwayo komunye umongo njengokunciphisa lesi sifo. Ngokomlando, i-rheumatoid arthritis yelashwa ngezidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala ezifana ne-ibuprofen noma ama-analgesics alula akhulula ubuhlungu nezimpawu. Kodwa-ke, le mithi okwamanje ithathelwa indawo yilezo zidakamizwa eziguquliwe ezilwa ne-rheumatoid ezinomphumela olawulayo emzimbeni futhi zivimbela ukulimala kwesikhathi eside esakhiweni esihlangene. I-Biologics Ikilasi elisha lokwelapha elibizwa ngokuthi i-biologics yokwelapha isifo samathambo esanda kwakhiwa, elakhiwe ngamaprotheni abantu nezilwane eziphilayo. Nakuba ezinye izidakamizwa zinomthelela omkhulu kumasosha omzimba, i-biologics iklanyelwe ngokuqondile ukukhomba abaphakathi okukholelwa ukuthi bayabandakanyeka enqubweni yokuvuvukala. Futhi ezinye izinto eziphilayo zivimba umsebenzi wamaprotheni emvelo emzimbeni. Ukuhlaziywa kwembula ukuthi imithi yebhayoloji inciphisa ukuthuthukiswa kokulimala kwamalunga, ivimbela isifo ukuba singabi sibi kakhulu, futhi ivumela iziguli ukuba zinciphise ubunzima besifo, ngokwemiphumela yama-X ray, eyahlolwa ngama-radiograph nokuhlolwa kwe-magnetic resonance. Ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kusenesikhathi akugcini nje ukunciphisa lesi sifo noma kumise ukuqhubeka kokutheleleka, kodwa kuthuthukisa izinga lempilo, futhi kunciphisa izindleko zomphakathi.