Ingabe isayensi izofinyelela ikhambi le-autism?

Ingabe isayensi izofinyelela ikhambi le-autism?

Ucwaningo olusha luthole ukuthi amagundane athwala amagciwane amaningi emathunjini awo, futhi leli gciwane lamathumbu lithinta indlela ubuchopho bamagundane obusebenza ngayo.

Ngokwalokho okwanyatheliswa yi-"Live Science", ecaphuna umagazini othi "Nature", abacwaningi baseTaiwan nase-United States bafuna ukuthola ukuthi amagciwane e-gut athinta kanjani umsebenzi wamanethiwekhi we-neuronal abhekene nokwakhiwa kokuziphatha komphakathi ngokuqondile.

Kuyaziwa ukuthi igundane uma lihlangana negundane elingakaze lihlangane nalo, lisuke lihogelane amadevu ligibele phezu kwelinye njengoba nje kujwayeleke ukuthi kwenziwe izinja ezimbili eziqiwini uma zibingelelana. . Kodwa amagundane alebhu, angenawo amagciwane futhi angenawo amagciwane amathumbu, akhonjiswe ukuthi agwema ukuxhumana nabanye abantu futhi esikhundleni salokho ahlale eqhelelene ngendlela exakile.

Ukuzihlukanisa emphakathini

"Ukuzihlukanisa nomphakathi kumagundane angenawo amagciwane akuyona into entsha," kusho umbhali ohola ucwaningo u-Wei Li Wu, umsizi kaprofesa e-National Cheng Kung University eTaiwan kanye nozakwethu ovakashele eCaltech. Kodwa yena nethimba lakhe labacwaningi bafuna ukuqonda ukuthi yini eqhuba le ndlela yokuziphatha engazinzile, nokuthi ingabe amagciwane amathumbu ayawathinta ngempela ama-neuron ebuchosheni bamagundane futhi anciphise isifiso samagundane sokuhlangana.

U-Wu utshele i-Live Science ukuthi ngesikhathi eqala ngqa ukuzwa ukuthi amagciwane angathinta ukuziphatha kwezilwane, wacabanga, "Kuzwakala kumangalisa kodwa akukholakali," ngakho yena nozakwabo baqala ukuhlola amagundane. ukuziphatha okungavamile komphakathi, futhi uqonde ukuthi kungani kuphakama ukuziphatha okunjalo okungavamile.

Abacwaningi baqhathanise umsebenzi wobuchopho nokuziphatha kwamagundane avamile namanye amaqembu amabili: amagundane akhuliswa endaweni eyinyumba ukuze angabi namagciwane, namagundane aphathwe ngenhlanganisela eqinile yemithi elwa namagciwane aqeda amagciwane amathumbu. Ukuhlola kwakusekelwe emcabangweni wokuthi uma amagundane angenawo amagciwane engena endaweni engeyona inyumba, azoqala ukucosha inqwaba yamagciwane ngesikhathi esisodwa kuphela; Ngakho-ke, amagundane alashwa ngama-antibiotic ayehlukene kakhulu futhi ayengasetshenziswa ekuhloleni okuningi.

Ithimba labeka amagundane angenawo amagciwane alashwe ngama-antibiotic emakhejini anamagundane angaziwa ukuze aqaphe ukusebenzisana kwawo komphakathi. Njengoba bekulindelekile, womabili amaqembu amagundane agweme ukusebenzelana nabantu angabazi. Ngemva kwalokhu kuhlolwa kokuziphatha, ithimba lenze izivivinyo ezimbalwa ukuze lithole ukuthi kwenzekani ebuchosheni bezilwane okungenzeka kube yimbangela yalokhu kuguquguquka komphakathi okungajwayelekile.

Ukuhlola kufaka phakathi ucwaningo lwe-c-Fos, isakhi sofuzo esisebenza kumaseli obuchopho asebenzayo. Uma kuqhathaniswa namagundane avamile, amagundane atheleleke ngamagciwane aphelile abonise ukwanda komsebenzi wofuzo lwe-c-Fos ezindaweni zobuchopho ezihilelekile ekuphenduleni ingcindezi, okuhlanganisa i-hypothalamus, i-amygdala ne-hippocampus.

Lokhu kukhuphuka komsebenzi wobuchopho kuhambisane nokukhuphuka kwe-hormone yokucindezeleka i-corticosterone kumagundane angenalo amagciwane aphathwa ngama-antibiotics, kuyilapho ukwanda okufanayo akuzange kwenzeke kumagundane anamagciwane avamile. "Ngemuva kokuxhumana nabantu, imizuzu emihlanu nje kuphela, kungatholwa amahomoni okucindezeleka aphezulu kakhulu," kusho umcwaningi uWu.

Ukuhlolwa kuphinde kwahlanganisa nokuvula nokuvala ama-neurons ebuchosheni bamagundane ngokuthanda kwakhe kusetshenziswa umuthi othile, futhi abacwaningi baphawula ukuthi ukucisha ama-neurons kumagundane alashwe ngama-antibiotic kuholela ekuthuthukisweni kokuxhumana komphakathi kubantu ongabazi, kuyilapho kuvulwa la maseli kumagundane avamile. kuholele esimweni sokugwema ukuxhumana nomphakathi okungazelelwe.

U-Diego Bohorquez, uprofesa e-Duke University School of Medicine ochwepheshe be-neuroscience futhi ufunda uxhumano lwe-gut-brain, owayengahileleki ocwaningweni, uthe usola ukuthi iqembu lama-microbes lisebenza ndawonye ukuze lilinganise ukukhiqizwa kwe-hormone yokucindezeleka. Ngakho-ke ukuhlola kungabhekwa njengokwenza icala eliqinile lokuthi amagciwane amathumbu amagundane avamile asiza ukuzibandakanya ekuziphatheni komphakathi, kuyilapho amagundane angenalo amagciwane ebhekana nokukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwehomoni yokucindezeleka futhi ngaleyo ndlela enqabe amathuba awo okuxhumana nabanye abantu.

"Umbuzo ophakama ngamandla ukuthi ungasebenzisa kanjani i-gut microbiome ukuze 'ukhulume' nobuchopho, futhi ngaleyo ndlela usize ukulawula ukuziphatha kusuka ekujuleni kwamathumbu," kusho uBohorquez.

izifo ze-neuropsychiatric

Lolu hlobo locwaningo lungasiza ngolunye usuku ososayensi belaphe abantu abanezinkinga ze-neuropsychiatric, njenge-stress kanye ne-autism spectrum disorder, u-Bohorquez wanezela, ecabanga ukuthi okunye okubonwa ezilwaneni kuyasebenza kubantu.

ukwelashwa kwe-autism

Ucwaningo lwangaphambilini luphakamisa ukuthi ukucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka, kanye ne-autism kuvame ukuhambisana nokuphazamiseka kwesisu, njengokuqunjelwa kanye nesifo sohudo, kanye nokuphazamiseka kwe-gut microbiome. Kule minyaka eyishumi edlule, uBohorques uthe, ososayensi bebephenya ngalokhu kuhlobana phakathi kwamathumbu nobuchopho ngethemba lokuthuthukisa izindlela ezintsha zokwelapha izifo ezinjalo.

Wengeze ngokuthi imiphumela yalolu cwaningo ingase iqhubekisele phambili ucwaningo ekuthuthukisweni kokwelashwa kwe-autism okuncike ku-gut microbiome, kodwa sekukonke, igqamisa "imininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana nokuthi la magciwane athinta kanjani ukuziphatha komphakathi."

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