Indaba yempilo ka-Ibn Sahl, isazi sama-Arab esathola ukubunjwa kokukhanya

Uyisazi sezibalo esingumSulumane kanye nesazi sefiziksi, udokotela kanye nonjiniyela wezokubona. Unocwaningo oluningi kanye nemibono mayelana nokubunjwa kwejometri. . Kwathuthukiswa futhi kwatholwa umthetho wokuqala we-refraction, futhi umthetho wasetshenziswa ukuze kukhishwe izimo zamalensi agxila ekukhanyeni ngaphandle kokuphambuka, aziwa ngokuthi amalensi e-refractive, angewona umumo oyindilinga.

Ungu-Ibn Sahel, igama lakhe ngu-Abu Saad Al-Ala Ibn Sahel.Waphila kusukela ngo-940 kuya ku-1000 AD.Uyisazi samaSulumane esidabuka ePheresiya esasisebenza enkantolo yase-Abbasid eBaghdad.

Wazuza olwazini luka-Ibn Sahl, usosayensi omkhulu odumo lwakhe lwafika emkhathizwe, futhi ungu-Ibn al-Haytham owaphila kusukela ngo-965 kuya ku-1040 AD. Kungashiwo ukuthi ngaphandle kuka-Ibn Sahl, u-Ibn al-Haytham wayengeke enze abaningi. okutholakele okubalulekile kwisayensi yokukhanya neyokubona. Empeleni kwavula indlela yokuvela kuka-Ibn al-Haytham.

Umthetho kaSnell wandulele

Uma umuntu eveza namuhla ukuthi owathola umthetho wokunqamuka kokukhanya owaziwa ngokuthi “umthetho kaSnell” ngusosayensi waseDashi uWilbrord Snelius owaphila kusukela ngo-1580 kuya ku-1626 AD, empeleni, u-Ibn Sahel waba ngowokuqala ukudonsela ukunaka odabeni ukuhlehla kanye nokugoba kokukhanya lapho kuhamba kusuka kwenye indawo kuya kwenye, njengokungathi kuwela Ukusuka ku-vacuum kuye engilazini noma emanzini.

Ama-Arab ayenesithakazelo kwisayensi ye- optics ngenxa yokuxhumana kwayo okukhulu nesayensi yezinkanyezi ekwenzeni izibonakude zezinkanyezi ukuze zilandele ukunyakaza kwemizimba nokubheka umkhathi wesibhakabhaka.Umbono ka-Aristotle wokubona izinto ngeso lenyama.

Incwadi kumalensi

U-Ibn Sahel unencwadi edume kakhulu eNtshonalanga, futhi igama layo lithi “Book on Burning Mirrors and Lens” lapho yayikhuluma ngezihloko zamalensi azo zonke izinhlobo ukusuka ku-oval kuya ku-concave, futhi ithinta nokudweba amajika njengoba eqhubeka. zihlobene eduze ne-optics kanye ne-geometries ye-astronomy.

Iminikelo eyenziwa u-Ibn Sahel, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ekutholeni ukuphindukuzalwa kokukhanya noma izinhlelo zokusebenza azenza kulo mongo, kusukela ekwakhiweni kwamalensi agxila ekukhanyeni nasekutholeni izinhlobo eziningi zamalensi, konke lokhu kwembula umcabango onikwe amandla owakwazi ukuhlanganisa amalensi ahlukahlukene. ulwazi aluthole kuzibalo, i-physics nobunjiniyela.

Eshisa umzimba ukude

Esinye sezivivinyo ezimangazayo ezenziwa u-Ibn Sahel kwakuwulwazi lwakhe lokushisa into ekude futhi wanquma ukuthi lokhu kungenziwa kanjani kusetshenziswa amalensi futhi wahlola izibalo ezihlobene nalesi sihloko, isihloko esingeyona into entsha ngokwaso njenge amaGreki ayekwazi.

Kodwa wanezela kuyo futhi wayijulisa ngendlela yesayensi futhi wasichazela ukuthi i-lens iqondiswa kanjani elangeni ukuze ukukhanya okuvuthayo kuqoqwe endaweni ethile, okugxilwe kuyo i-lens engaphandle kwayo endaweni ethile. ibanga elingabalwa ngokwazi ububanzi belensi nezinto ezithile kuma-optics.

Encwadini yakhe ethi “A Book on Burning Mirrors and Lenses,” uxoxa kabanzi ngalolu daba. Ngokuvamile, isayensi eyaphakanyiswa yile ndoda yayiyindaba emangalisa izazi-mlando, futhi ezinye zezinto zakhe ezintsha zazibhekwa njengamasu obuciko obusha.