Koyi game da tarihin ƙwallon ƙafa

Tarihin wasan da aka fi so a duniya ya wuce shekaru 100. Lamarin dai ya fara ne a shekara ta 1863 a kasar Ingila, lokacin da kwallon kafa ta Rugby ta fice daga tsarin wasanninta daban-daban, kuma aka kafa hukumar kwallon kafa ta Ingila, inda ta zama hukumar gudanarwa ta farko ta wasanni.

Dukansu alamomin sun fito ne daga tushen gama gari kuma duka biyun suna da doguwar bishiyar kakanni mai banƙyama. Bincike a cikin ƙarni ya nuna aƙalla rabin dozin wasanni daban-daban, zuwa digiri daban-daban zuwa digiri daban-daban, waɗanda tarihin su ya samo asali ne daga ƙwallon ƙafa. Ko wannan yana iya zama barata a wasu lokuta. Duk da haka, gaskiyar ta kasance cewa mutane sun ji daɗin harbin ƙwallon ƙafa tsawon dubban shekaru, kuma babu wani dalili da za a yi la'akari da shi a matsayin kaucewa daga "al'ada" nau'i na buga kwallon da hannayensu.

Akasin haka, baya ga buƙatar yin amfani da ƙafafu da ƙafafu a cikin tsaka-tsakin ƙwallon ƙafa, sau da yawa ba tare da ka'idojin kariya ba, an fara gane cewa fasahar sarrafa ƙwallon ƙafa ba ta da sauƙi, kuma, saboda haka. da ake buƙata ba ƙaramin fasaha ba. Sigar farko ta wasan da akwai shaidar kimiyya don ita ita ce motsa jiki daga littafin soja tun daga ƙarni na XNUMX da XNUMX BC a China.

Ita dai wannan daular Han ta wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ana kiranta da suna Zu Zhou kuma ta ƙunshi harba ƙwallon fata mai cike da gashin fuka-fukai da gashi ta wata buɗaɗɗiyar buɗaɗɗiya mai faɗin santimita 30-40 kacal, a cikin wata ƙaramar raga da aka kafa akan doguwar igiyar gora. A cewar wani nau'i na wannan atisayen, ba a bar dan wasan ya nufe shi ba ba tare da tangarda ba, sai dai ya yi amfani da kafafunsa, kirjinsa, baya da kafadu yayin da yake kokarin tinkarar harin abokan hamayyarsa. Ba a yarda da amfani da hannu ba.

Wani nau'i na wasan, wanda kuma ya samo asali daga Gabas mai Nisa, shine "kimari" na Japan, wanda ya fara shekaru 500-600 daga baya kuma har yanzu ana buga shi. Wannan wasa ne da ba shi da fa'ida ta Tsu Chu ba tare da gwagwarmayar mallaka ba. ’Yan wasan dai na tsaye ne a da’ira, kuma sai da suka ba wa juna kwallon, a wani dan karamin fili, suna kokarin kada ta taba kasa.

Harshen Helenanci "Episkyros" - wanda 'yan ainihin bayanan da suka rage - ya fi raye-raye, kamar yadda "Harpastum" na Romawa ya kasance. Ƙungiyoyin biyu sun buga na ƙarshe da ƙaramin ƙwallon a filin fili mai kusurwa mai alamar iyaka da kuma tsakiyar fili. Manufar ita ce ta buga kwallon a kan iyakokin 'yan adawa kuma lokacin da 'yan wasan ke yanke shawara a tsakanin su, bluffing shine tsari na yau da kullum. Wasan ya kasance sananne har tsawon shekaru 700-800, amma ko da yake Romawa sun kai shi Biritaniya tare da su, amma amfani da ƙafa yana da ƙarancin gaske.