Isikhumba esimnyama nezindlela zokunakekela ehlobo

Ubuwazi ukuthi isikhumba esinsundu sidinga Ukunaka Okuphindwe kabili, ukujiya kwaso kuhlala kuyisikhumba esibucayi futhi sivame ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kakhulu kunesikhumba esikhanyayo, futhi ngokuphambene nezinkolelo ezikhona, isikhumba esinsundu ngisho nesimnyama sidinga ukuvikeleka elangeni njengoba sivame ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. Kodwa izidingo zayo kule ndawo zihlukile kunezidingo zesikhumba esikhanyayo.

Ukubeka isikhumba esinsundu elangeni ngaphandle kokuvikeleka kusenza sibe sengozini yokusha kanye nezingozi zemisebe ye-ultraviolet. Ngokwesakhiwo, lesi sikhumba ngokuvamile sihluka esikhumbeni esilungile ngoba sishubile futhi sinezicubu eziminyene. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ungqimba olungaphezulu esikhumbeni esinsundu alugqinsi kunongqimba olufanayo lwesikhumba esikhanyayo, kodwa luminyene kakhulu. Ngokuqondene ne-dermis, okuwungqimba oluphakathi nendawo ye-epidermis, esimweni sesikhumba esimnyama sijiyile futhi siminyene ngenxa yephesenti eliphezulu lemicu ye-elastin futhi i-collagen Okuyivikela ekugugeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

 Isikhumba esimnyama nemisebe ye-UV

Esinye sezici ezivelele kakhulu zesikhumba esimnyama izinga eliphezulu lombala we-melanin, okusho ukuthi amangqamuzana abhekene nombala wesikhumba awaningi kunalawo atholakala esikhumbeni esikhanyayo, kodwa asebenza kakhulu. Ama-melanin granules akhiqizwa yilawa maseli makhulu ngenombolo futhi anombala omnyama.

Lokhu kusho ukuthi uhlelo lokuvikela lwemvelo oluhlinzekwa yi-melanin esikhumbeni esimnyama lumunca cishe u-90% wemisebe ye-UV efika ebusweni besikhumba.

Olunye ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi isikhumba esimnyama sidonsa imisebe ye-UV engaphansi ngokuphindwe kahlanu kunesikhumba esikhanyayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isikhumba esimnyama mancane amathuba okuba sibe nomdlavuza wesikhumba futhi sigcina ukuqina kwaso kunesikhumba esikhanyayo.

Isikhumba somile kunesilinganiso

Lesi sikhumba ngokuvamile sibonakala ngokuba somile kunesikhumba esikhanyayo, njengoba sizwela kakhulu ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu. Lezi zikhumba zinamandla okuzivumelanisa nezimo zezulu ezinzima (ukuchayeka kakhulu elangeni, ukushisa nokuswakeme…) ukuze kuvikelwe umzimba ekuhlaselweni kwangaphandle. Kodwa iphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni uma isesimweni sezulu esisesilinganisweni, ngakho abanikazi bayo bazizwa belahlekelwa umswakama futhi bahlushwa ukuxebuka. Ukuze uzivikele kulezi zimo, isikhumba esimnyama sivame ukwandisa ukukhishwa kwamafutha, okuchaza isimo saso esixubile, okungukuthi esomile ngenxa yokuntuleka kwamanzi namafutha ngenxa yokuphuma ngokweqile.

Ukuvikelwa kungabi ngaphansi kuka-15spf

Uma izinga eliphakeme le-melanin esikhumbeni esinsundu linikeza isivikelo emisebeni ye-ultraviolet, ayilivikeli ngokuphelele ezingozini zokuchayeka elangeni. Ngakho-ke, badinga ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo yokuvikela kule ndawo.

Ukukhetha isivikelo esifanele kufanele kuhlobane nohlobo lwesikhumba kanye nohlobo lwemisebe esichayeka kuyo. I-tan ingaba ne-SPF engu-15-30spf kuphela, kodwa izimo ezithile ezithola ukwelashwa kwesikhumba noma ezinamachashaza adinga ukuvikelwa okuphelele okungu-50spf. Ukuze ugweme imaski emhlophe ukuthi imikhiqizo yokuvikela ilanga ishiya esikhumbeni, kungcono ukusebenzisa okhilimu bokuvikela obala noma abanemibala abamuncwa kalula esikhumbeni.

Izingozi esikhumbeni esinsundu esihlala singavikelekile

Ukubekezelela kwalesi sikhumba ukukhanya kwelanga kukhulu kunokwesikhumba esimhlophe. Kodwa lokhu kubekezelela kuhlala kulinganiselwe, futhi ukuchayeka elangeni ngaphandle kwanoma yisiphi isivikelo kungachaya isikhumba esimnyama ekugugeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi, amabala, ukusha, ukushaywa yilanga, nomdlavuza wesikhumba.

Futhi uma isikhumba esinsundu somile ngokwemvelo, ukuchayeka elangeni ngaphandle kokuvikela kwandisa ukoma kwaso. Kulokhu, udinga imikhiqizo yokuvikela enokwakheka okucebile okuqinisekisa ukuvimbela kanye nokudla kwakhe ngesikhathi esifanayo. Badinga nemikhiqizo emanzisa ngemva kokuchayeka elangeni, okungase kube uhlobo lobisi olumanzisa, uwoyela, noma i-balm ewuthambisa futhi iwavikele ekomeni.

Amabala avela esikhumbeni esinsundu

Ingavela esikhumbeni esimnyama ngenxa yezinkinga zesikhumba ezifana nezinduna, i-eczema, izibazi, noma ukuphazamiseka kwamahomoni okungabangela ukuvuvukala okuholela ekukhiqizweni ngokweqile kwe-melanin nokubonakala kwamabala amnyama kunombala wesikhumba. Kulokhu, lawa mabala aphathwa ngemithi yokwelapha ye-topical noma yezimonyo, ngokuvamile ehlotshaniswa nezimbangela zazo

 

Inqubo yokunakekelwa kwesikhumba kuzo zonke izigaba zokuphila