Izithombe zokuqala ze-Mars .. ziyabathakazelisa ososayensi beNASA

Salwa Azzam2021-02-20Isibuyekezo sokugcina: 2021-02-20

Ngokushesha nje lapho ithinta indawo eyi-Mars ngoLwesine olwedlule, umkhumbi-mkhathi we-Perseverance, onesisindo esingu-1050 kg, futhi obiza amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezimbili nezigidi ezingu-700, wasakaza isithombe sokuqala sendawo ye-Jesero crater, lapho wafika khona ukuze ucwaninge indawo yawo. isimo, kanye nokufuna izinsuku ezingu-687 nganoma iyiphi insalela yokuphila eyamila endaweni yayo esikhathini esidlule seplanethi, Ngoba iJezero yayineminyaka eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-3 kanye nezigidi ezingu-500 edlule, njengechibi elinobubanzi obungama-49 km, elicebile emanzini. egeleza kuwo ephuma eziteshini ezimbili ezivela ezithombeni njengoba ephuma emfuleni ohlukane ube amagatsha amabili.

Ngemva kwalokho, umkhumbi-mkhathi waqhubeka nokuthatha izithombe zendawo ezungezile futhi uzithumele eqenjini elilawulayo leNASA phansi, okuyizithombe ezishicilelwe yi-Al-Arabiya.net ezinencazelo kuwebhusayithi ye-ejensi yasemkhathini yase-US ngokwayo. Ngokuqondene nezinto ezijabulisayo ezikhona phakathi kwazo, zishicilelwe ngezansi, futhi zathathwa uphenyo lweNASA olubizwa ngokuthi i-Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, ebilokhu izungeza iMars kusukela ngo-2006. Umkhumbi-mkhathi wabonakala kuwo ngemva kokuba ungene emkhathini wawo futhi ipharashuti yawunciphisa. ijubane lokufika endaweni yalo elungiselelwe kusengaphambili, kanye ne-radar efakwe kuyo eyaliholela kuyo.

NASA Mars izithombe

Lesi sithombe, esithathwe ngoLwesine olwedlule uphenyo olujikelezayo oluzungeza endaweni ephakeme ngamakhilomitha angama-700 ukuzungeza iplanethi, sijabulisa kakhulu okwamanje, futhi ngesepharashute eliyisa imoto endaweni yalo phezu kweRed Planet. .

Okwesibili kuyajabulisa, lapho imoto kubonakala sengathi yahlala phezu komhlaba, ngemva kokuba isihlukene nalokho abakubiza ngokuthi "i-heat shield", eyakhelwe ukuyivikela ekushiseni okuphezulu okubangelwa ukungqubuzana kwayo ne-heat shield. indawo yomoya yeplanethi lapho ingena kuyo, kwabe sekuyinakekela ipharashuti enobubanzi obungamamitha angu-21, kwathi lapho ifika endaweni eyindilinga engamamitha-skwele angu-31 ukusuka emgodini, eyayilungiselelwe kusengaphambili ukuze ifike, yahlukana nayo futhi yanikezwa idlulele kwenye indlela yokwehla.

Enye indlela yokumisa “inkundla yasezulwini” eyaziwa ngesiNgisi ngokuthi i-skycrane. Ijubane lokwehla lincishiswa ngokuzulazula okubuyela emuva, lapho imoto yehla khona ilenga ngezintambo ezikhethekile nezintambo, ngokusho kwe-“Al Arabiya.net” efundeka kanje. kusizindalwazi sokusingatha i-NASA ukuthi isithombe sithathwe ikhamera efakwe “esiteji sasezulwini.” Yasidlulisela kumkhumbi-mkhathi lapho uzinza phezu kwe-Martian dermis, futhi, umkhumbi wawuthumela eMhlabeni, kwase kuba “isiteji. ” ihlukaniswe nayo ukuze iphahlazeke kwenye indawo.

Isithombe semoto ngemva kokuhlala kwayo, esithathwe yikhamera efakwe kumshini wokuhamba ngezinyawo, ipharashute yamthwala yamyisa endaweni elungiselelwe kusengaphambili, yamdedela wehlela emotweni yabe isihlukana nayo ngemva kokufika.

Mayelana nesithombe sesithathu, Ngayicosha Ikhamera emotweni yelinye lamasondo angu-6, ezoqala ngesonto elizayo ukuzulazula emgodini othembisayo, kuyilapho isithombe sesine siwumfanekiso ovela ku-"NASA" mayelana nobuchwepheshe obusha bokuhamba obuhlobene nendawo "ukugwema izingozi nokuthola. indawo ephephile yokuma emfudlaneni iJezero kuMars,” njengoba umfanekiso uchaza, incwadi Ngomfanekiso wesondo ongezansi, izindawo eziluhlaza ziphephile emgodini ukuze zihlale, futhi izindawo ezibomvu azivumelekile, ngoba zimangelengele futhi zinameva. imigodi namadwala angase aphazamise ukuzulazula kukaPerseverance kuyi-Mars, eyafinyelela kuyo ngemva kokuhamba amakhilomitha ayizigidi ezingu-471 ohambweni olwathatha izinsuku ezingu-203, ngesivinini esingamakhilomitha angu-96.000 XNUMX ngehora.

Ukuvakasha okukhulu kakhulu kwe-Mars kuzoveza okuningi nge-Red Planet

Onjiniyela bamangazwe izithombe ze-NASA

Esithombeni esiyingcaca, sithola ukuthi indawo okufikela kuyo inombala oluhlaza okotshani, njengoba kuhlukaniswa umbiko ophuma “I-Jet Propulsion Laboratory” ehlola ubucwepheshe nobunkimbinkimbi bemishini ye-Mars eyenziwe yi-NASA kuze kube manje, njengoba i-Perseverance ihlomile. nge-cocktail yezobuchwepheshe ethuthukisiwe ngobuhlakani bokwenziwa obekungeyona Ngenhlanhla kunoma yimuphi omunye umkhumbi-mkhathi.

Isifinyezo se-mission, esihlanganisa ukuhamba kwendiza enophephela emhlane encane emkhathini we-Mars, ethwelwe imoto ngale njongo, ukufuna ukuphila okungase kusale umkhondo ku-Red Planet, uma ngabe noma ubukhona bamanje kuyo, ngisho noma bekuwuhlobo lwakudala lwe-microbial, ngaphezu kokutadisha i-geology yeplanethi. kanye nesimo sezulu sayo, bese iqoqa amasampula amatshe, inhlabathi namatshe, ukuze kube nomsebenzi ohlangene phakathi kwe-NASA kanye ne-European Space Isikhungo sokuzidlulisa ngo-2031 zisuka ku-Mars ziye eMhlabeni ukuze zihlaziywe nokufunda ngokujula okufanele.

NASA Mars izithombe

Ososayensi nonjiniyela e-"NASA" bahlabeke umxhwele ngezithombe, nakuba bezimbalwa, kanti omunye wabo nguSteve Collins, uchwepheshe wokulawula "Birth Propulsion Laboratory" eCalifornia, uthe izolo, ukuthi "kushiya izingqondo endaweni eyodwa." ukudangala nokumangala,” enezela ukuthi inhlangano yasemkhathini yaseMelika “yazuza izinto ezinkulu.” Ngempela,” esho.

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