Yiziphi iziphambeko zenhliziyo ozalwa nazo, futhi uma sekwenzeka ukuphila nazo ngokwemvelo?

Ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo yokuzalwa kuwukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo ngesikhathi sokuzalwa. Okunye ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo ozalwa nakho kuncane kakhulu futhi ngeke kubangele izinkinga zempilo. Ezinye ziyingozi kakhulu futhi ziyinkimbinkimbi. Lezi zinkinga zivame ukutholwa zisencane noma zisencane ngenxa yezimpawu futhi zingalungiswa ngokuhlinzwa ngaleso sikhathi.

Isifo senhliziyo sokuzalwa komuntu omdala ngokuvamile sithatha uhlobo olulodwa kwezimbili: ukukhubazeka okungabonakali ekuqaleni kwempilo okuhambisana nezimpawu kamuva, noma isici esiyinkimbinkimbi esilungiswa ngesikhathi sobuntwana esidinga ukulungiswa okwengeziwe noma ukwelashwa okusha lapho umuntu esemdala. Ngenxa yokuthi ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo okulungisiwe kungabangela izinkinga ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, iziguli ezinokukhubazeka okulungisiwe ebuntwaneni zidinga ukunakekelwa kwenhliziyo okulandelanayo okulandelanayo kukho konke ukuphila kwazo. Ngezinye izikhathi umuntu omdala uzoba nezimpawu zokukhubazeka okuyinkimbinkimbi ngokokuqala ngqá njengomuntu omdala.

Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zokukhubazeka kwenhliziyo yokuzalwa okulula okutholakala kubantu abadala yizi:

Amaphutha e-Era ("izimbobo enhliziyweni")

Isici se-septal singenzeka phakathi kwama-ventricles (amagumbi okumpompa) enhliziyweni, okubizwa ngokuthi i-ventricular septal defect, noma phakathi kwe-atria (amagumbi okugcwalisa), okubizwa ngokuthi i-atrial septal defect. Nganoma yiluphi uhlobo, igazi elinomoya-mpilo eliphuma emaphashini lihlangana negazi elingenayo umoya-mpilo elibuya emzimbeni. Inkinga engathi sína yokulimala kwe-septal ibonakala lapho isiqondiso sokuxubana kwegazi kubangela ukuthi igazi elisuka enhliziyweni liqukathe umoya-mpilo omncane kunokuvamile (i-shunt, noma 'i-septal perforation', esuka kwesokudla ukuya kwesokunxele).

I-shunt, noma kwesokunxele kuye kwesokudla noma kwesokudla kuye kwesokunxele, yenza inhliziyo isebenze kanzima ukuze isabalalise inani elifanayo le-oxygen emzimbeni.

Ukukhubazeka kwe-valve

I-valve esenhliziyweni ingase ingakwazi ukuvuleka ngokuphelele noma ingakwazi ukuvala ngokuphelele ngenxa yesici, noma ingase ibe nokungahambi kahle. Lezi zinkinga ziphoqa inhliziyo ukuthi isebenze kanzima ukuze ihambise umthamo ojwayelekile wegazi enhliziyweni ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo zomzimba.

imithambo yegazi emincane

Imithambo yegazi emincane kakhulu ngesikhathi esithile yenza inhliziyo isebenze kanzima ukumpompa igazi elivamile. Imithambo yegazi ingaxhunywa ngokungalungile, ithumele igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo emzimbeni noma igazi elivele lifakwe umoya-mpilo emaphashini.

Abantu abazalwa benenkinga yenhliziyo banengozi eyengeziwe yezinye izinkinga zenhliziyo, okuhlanganisa isifo sohlangothi, umfutho wegazi ophakeme wamaphaphu, ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo, kanye ne-arrhythmia.