Ekugcineni.. Ama-antibodies ngokumelene ne-Omicron ne-Corona mutant

Ithimba lezesayensi lamazwe ngamazwe likhombe amasosha omzimba anciphisa uhlobo lwe-Omicron nezinye izinhlobo ze-coronavirus esafufusa; Lawa masosha omzimba aqondise ezindaweni ze-spike protein yegciwane (spike) ezihlala zingashintshile njengoba amagciwane eguquka.
Ngokuhlonza izinhloso zalawa ma-antibody "anciphisa kakhulu" kuphrotheni ye-spike, kungase kwenzeke ukuklama imithi yokugoma kanye nemithi yokwelapha engase isebenze kahle; Hhayi nje ngokumelene nokuhluka kwe-omicron kodwa futhi ngokumelene nokunye okuhlukile okungase kuvele esikhathini esizayo, kuchaza uDavid Weissler, umcwaningi e-Howard Hughes Medical Institute kanye noprofesa ohlangene we-biochemistry e-University of Washington School of Medicine e-Seattle.

Futhi lokhu okutholakele kusitshela ukuthi "ngokugxila kumasosha omzimba aqondise lezi zindawo ezigcinwe kakhulu kuphrotheni ehlabayo, kunendlela yokunqoba ukuqhubeka nokuvela kwaleli gciwane," kusho uWessler, embikweni oshicilelwe kuwebhusayithi yeNyuvesi yaseWashington.
U-Wessler uhole iphrojekthi yocwaningo eyathola la masosha omzimba, ngokubambisana nethimba labacwaningi abavela eSwitzerland, futhi washicilela imiphumela yomsebenzi wabo kumagazini wakamuva wephephabhuku iNature.
Izibalo ze-"Reuters" ziveze ukuthi bangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-283.23 abantu abangenwe yileli gciwane elisafufusa emhlabeni wonke, kanti isibalo sabantu abashonile ngenxa yaleli gciwane sifinyelele ezigidini ezi-5 kanye no-716,761.
Ukutheleleka ngaleli gciwane kuqoshwe emazweni nasezifundeni ezingaphezu kuka-210 kusukela kwatholakala amacala okuqala eChina ngoDisemba 2019.
I-omicron mutant iqukethe izinguquko ezingu-37 kuphrotheni ye-spines igciwane eliyisebenzisayo ukuze linamathisele futhi lihlasele amangqamuzana omuntu, inani elikhulu ngokungavamile lokuguqulwa.
“Imibuzo eyinhloko ebesizama ukuyiphendula bekuwukuthi, ‘Leli qembu lezinguquko kuphrotheni yamathambo e-omicron lithinte kanjani ikhono layo lokubopha amangqamuzana futhi ligweme ukusabela kwamasosha omzimba?’” kusho uFissler.
U-Wessler kanye nozakwabo bacabanga ukuthi inani elikhulu lokuguqulwa kwe-omicron kungenzeka ukuthi lanqwabelana ngesikhathi sokutheleleka isikhathi eside, kumuntu onamasosha omzimba abuthaka, noma ngenxa yokuthi igciwane ligxume lisuka kubantu liye ohlotsheni lwezilwane futhi liphindela emuva.
Ukuhlola umthelela walezi zinguquko, abacwaningi benza igciwane elibizwa ngokuthi “i-pseudovirus” ukukhiqiza amaprotheni ane-spiky ebusweni balo, njengoba kwenza ama-coronavirus, base bedala ama-pseudoviruses aqukethe amaprotheni ane-spiky anokuguqulwa kwe-omicron kanye nalawo asezinhlobonhlobo zokuqala ezikhonjwe kulo bhubhane. .
Abacwaningi baqale babheka ukuze babone ukuthi izinguqulo ezihlukene zeprotein ene-barbed zakwazi kanjani ukuhlanganisa iphrotheni engaphezulu kwamaseli leli gciwane elilisebenzisa ukunamathisela nokungena engqamuzaneni. Le phrotheni ibizwa ngokuthi i-angiotensin-converting enzyme receptor (ACE2). .

Abacwaningi bathola ukuthi iphrotheni eyisipikili evela ku-omicron ikwazile ukubopha kangcono izikhathi ezi-2.4 kuneprotein eyisipikili etholakala egciwaneni ebekwe yodwa ekuqaleni kwalolu bhubhane, baphinde bathola ukuthi inguqulo ye-omicron ikwazile ukubopha isamukeli se-“ACE2”. kumagundane ngendlela efanele, okubonisa ukuthi i-omicron ingase Ikwazi ukudlula phakathi kwabantu nezinye izilwane ezincelisayo.
Abacwaningi babe sebebheka ukuthi amasosha omzimba akhiqizwe kahle kangakanani ezinguqulweni zangaphambili zegciwane avikeleke ekuhlukeni kwe-omicron, futhi bakwenza lokho besebenzisa amasosha omzimba eziguli ezazinezinguqulo zangaphambili zaleli gciwane, ezazigonyelwe izinhlobo zangaphambili zaleli gciwane, noma bathelelekile base begoma. . Bathole ukuthi amasosha omzimba avela kubantu ababengenwe yizinhlobo zangaphambili, kanye nakulabo abathole umuthi wokugoma owodwa kweyisithupha osetshenziswa kabanzi otholakala njengamanje, anciphisa amandla okuvimbela ukutheleleka.
Amasosha omzimba avela kubantu abangenwe yileli gciwane, abalulama, base bethola imithamo emibili yomgomo nawo anciphisa ukusebenza kwawo; Kodwa ukwehla kwakungaphansi, izikhathi ezingaba ngu-5, okubonisa ngokucacile ukuthi ukugoma ngemva kokutheleleka kunenzuzo.

Eqenjini leziguli ze-dialysis ezithole umthamo we-booster, amasosha omzimba ezifundo abonisa ukwehla okuphindwe ka-4 emsebenzini wokungathathi hlangothi. "Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi umthamo wesithathu uwusizo ngempela ku-Omicron," kusho u-Weissler.
Abacwaningi bathole ukuthi konke ngaphandle kokwelashwa okukodwa kwe-antibody okuvunyelwe njengamanje, noma okugunyazwe ukusetshenziswa ezigulini ezichayeke kuleli gciwane, kwakungekho msebenzi, noma kunciphise kakhulu umsebenzi we-Omicron elabhorethri, futhi okuhlukile kwakuyi-antibody ebizwa ngokuthi “sotrovimab” , okwakukhona It has izikhathi 3 kuya XNUMX umsebenzi neutralizing.
"Izingane ezisesimweni esinzima" .. Ungawuvikela kanjani umndeni wakho ku-Omicron?

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Kepha lapho behlola iqembu elikhudlwana lamasosha omzimba adalwe ngokumelene nezinhlobo zangaphambilini zaleli gciwane, abacwaningi bakhombe amakilasi ama-4 amasosha omzimba agcine ikhono lawo lokunciphisa i-omicron, futhi amalungu alawa makilasi aqondise kwesinye sezifunda ezi-4 ezithile zephrotheni enameva. ayitholakali nje kuphela Ezinhlobonhlobo zegciwane le-"Corona" elivelayo, kodwa futhi eqenjini lama-coronavirus ahlobene, abizwa ngokuthi amagciwane "eSarbic", futhi lezi zingosi zingase ziqhubeke kumaprotheni; Ngenxa yokuthi zenza umsebenzi obalulekile olahlekelwa yiprotheni uma iguquka, lezi zindawo zibizwa ngokuthi “zilondoloziwe.”
Ukutholakala kokuthi amasosha omzimba ayakwazi ukunqanda, ngokubona izindawo ezivikelwe ezinhlotsheni eziningi ezahlukene zegciwane, kuphakamisa ukuthi ukwakheka kwemithi yokugoma kanye nemithi yokwelapha elwa nama-antibody eqondiswe kulezi zifunda ingase isebenze ngokumelene nenhlobonhlobo yezinhlobonhlobo ezivela ngokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo.