Ingabe ukudla inyama eningi kuyawudala umdlavuza kapopopo?

Ingabe ukudla inyama eningi kuyawudala umdlavuza kapopopo?

Iqembu labacwaningi e-United States laphumelela ukuthola ukuxhumana phakathi kokudla inyama ebomvu negayiwe kanye nesifo somdlavuza wesikhumba.

Abacwaningi bathola izimpawu ezimbili zofuzo ezingase zichaze ubungozi obukhulayo bomdlavuza wekoloni, kodwa hhayi isisekelo sawo sebhayoloji. Ukuqonda inqubo yesifo kanye nezakhi zofuzo ezingemuva kwayo kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni amasu okuvimbela angcono.

Ukusabalala komdlavuza wamathumbu

Ngokwalokho okushicilelwe yi-New Atlas, icaphuna iphephabhuku iCancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, umdlavuza wesikhumba, owaziwa nangokuthi umdlavuza wamathumbu, uwuhlobo lwesithathu oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza futhi ungowesibili oyimbangela yokufa kwabantu okuhlobene nomdlavuza emhlabeni wonke. Kuyanda futhi kubantu abasha, njengoba i-American Cancer Society ACS ibika ukuthi ama-20% abantu abaxilonge ngo-2019 babesezigulini ezingaphansi kweminyaka engama-55, okucishe kuphindeke kabili izinga lango-1995.

Indlela evelele yezinto eziphilayo

Nakuba ukuhlobana phakathi kwenyama ebomvu nokudliwa kwenyama egayiwe kanye nomdlavuza wamathumbu sekwaziwa isikhathi eside, indlela eyinhloko yebhayoloji ewumgogodla wayo ayikahlonzwa. Ocwaningweni olusha, abacwaningi base-University of Southern California bathola ukuthi izici ezimbili zofuzo zishintsha amazinga engozi yomdlavuza ngokusekelwe ekusetshenzisweni kwenyama ebomvu negayiwe.

Iqembu elithile libhekene nengozi enkulu

“Imiphumela ikhombisa ukuthi kuneqeqebana labantu elibhekene nengozi enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza we-colorectal uma lidla inyama ebomvu noma egayiwe,” kusho uMariana Stern, umcwaningi oholayo walolu cwaningo, ephawula ukuthi “bavumela ukuthi babone indlela engase ibe khona ngemuva. lobu bungozi, okuthi “Ingabe-ke ilandelwe ngezifundo zokuhlola.”

Abacwaningi bahlaziye isampula ehlanganisiwe yamacala omdlavuza we-colorectal angama-29842 kanye nezilawuli ezingama-39635 zemvelaphi yaseYurophu ezifundweni ezingama-27. Baqale basebenzise idatha evela ocwaningweni ukuze benze izindlela ezijwayelekile zokusetshenziswa kwenyama ebomvu, inyama yenkomo, iwundlu, kanye nenyama egayiwe njengamasoseji kanye nenyama ephuhliwe.

Ukunikezwa kwansuku zonke kweqembu ngalinye kubalwa futhi kwalungiswa ngokuvumelana ne-body mass index (BMI), futhi ababambiqhaza bahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amane ngokusekelwe emazingeni abo okudla okubomvu noma okucutshunguliwe. Abantu abanamazinga aphezulu okusetshenziswa kwenyama ebomvu kanye nokudliwa kwenyama egayiwe bebengama-30% nangama-40% amathuba okuba babe nomdlavuza wekoloni, ngokulandelana. Le miphumela ayizange icabangele ukuhlukahluka kofuzo, okungase kube yingozi enkulu kwabanye abantu.

Amasampula e-DNA

Ngokusekelwe kumasampula e-DNA, abacwaningi baqoqa idatha yezinhlobonhlobo zofuzo ezingaphezu kwezigidi eziyisikhombisa ezihlanganisa i-genome - isethi ephelele yedatha yofuzo - kumhlanganyeli ngamunye wocwaningo. Ukuze kuhlaziywe ubudlelwano phakathi kokudla inyama ebomvu kanye nobungozi bomdlavuza, ukuhlaziywa kofuzo olubanzi lwemvelo lwenziwa. Abacwaningi babe sebehlola ama-SNP, aphinyiselwa amazwibela futhi okuwuhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokuhlukahluka kofuzo, ukuze ababambiqhaza banqume ukuthi ukuba khona kohlobo oluthile lwezakhi zofuzo kwashintsha yini ingozi yomdlavuza wekoloni kubantu abadla inyama ebomvu kakhulu. Ngempela, ukuhlobana phakathi kwenyama ebomvu nomdlavuza kushintshile kuma-SNP amabili kuphela ahloliwe: i-SNP ku-chromosome 8 eduze kofuzo lwe-HAS2 kanye ne-SNP ku-chromosome 18, eyingxenye yofuzo lwe-SMAD7.

I-HAS2 gene

Ufuzo lwe-HAS2 luyingxenye yendlela ekhodi ukuguqulwa kwamaprotheni ngaphakathi kwamaseli. Ucwaningo lwangaphambilini luyihlobanise nomdlavuza we-colorectal, kodwa azikaze lumatanise nokudliwa kwenyama ebomvu. Ukuhlaziya kwabacwaningi kubonise ukuthi abantu abanofuzo oluvamile olutholakala ku-66% wesampula babe nengozi engu-38% ephezulu yokuba nomdlavuza wesikhumba uma bedle inyama ephakeme kakhulu. Ngokuphambene, labo abanofuzo olungavamile abazange babe nengozi eyengeziwe yomdlavuza lapho bedla inyama ebomvu kakhulu.

Uhlobo lwe-SMAD7

Ngokuqondene nofuzo lwe-SMAD7, lulawula i-hepcidin, iphrotheni ehlobene ne-iron metabolism. Ukudla kuqukethe izinhlobo ezimbili zensimbi: i-heme iron ne-non-heme iron. I-Heme iron imuncwa kalula ngumzimba, kuze kufike ku-30% wayo imuncwa ekudleni okusetshenzisiwe. Ngenxa yokuthi inyama ebomvu negayiwe iqukethe amazinga aphezulu e-heme iron, abacwaningi bacabanga ukuthi izinhlobo ezahlukene zofuzo ze-SMAD7 zingandisa ingozi yomdlavuza ngokushintsha indlela umzimba osebenza ngayo i-iron.

Ukwanda kwe-iron ye-intracellular

UStern uthe: “Lapho i-hepcidin ingasebenzi kahle, ingaholela ekwandiseni ukumuncwa kwensimbi ngisho nokukhuphuka kwensimbi ye-intracellular,” kusho uStern. Amaphesenti omdlavuza we-colorectal uma edla kakhulu inyama ebomvu. Ngenkathi labo abanekhophi eyodwa kuphela yokwehluka okuvamile noma amakhophi amabili okuhlukile okungajwayelekile babe nengozi yomdlavuza ephakeme kakhulu elinganiselwa ku-7% no-74%, ngokulandelana. Abacwaningi banethemba lokuphishekela izifundo zokuhlola ezingaqinisa ubufakazi ngendima ye-dysregulated iron metabolism ekuthuthukiseni umdlavuza we-colorectal.

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